2012, volume 8

Purpose: identifcation of risk factors for peripheral neuropathy in diabetes mellitus type 1. The material. Examined 46 patients 1 diabetes with distal полинейропатией. Studied clinical parameters: gender, age, hereditary predisposition, duration of the disease, the presence of arterial hypertension and diabetes of microangiopathy; the laboratory parameters: the level of glycosylated hemoglobin and cholesterol in blood serum. Results. Risk factors of formation of diabetic neuropathy are duration of diabetes, chronic hyperglycemia, the presence of microangiopathy diabetic lower extremity and arterial hypertension.

Provides information about magnetic resonance angiography in diagnosis of cerebral vascular disorders. Refects the effectiveness of magnetic resonance angiography in identifying this pathology.

Objective: estimate advantages of using high feld brain MRI in the epilepsy diagnostics. Methods. Examination of 586 patients with different types of epilepsy was performed to fnd epileptogenic changes in brain substance. Results. Clinical examples, that illustrate importance of using high feld MRI (1.5 T and more) during examination of the patients with epilepsy in accordance with the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) guidelines, are described. Conclusion. High feld MRI is necessary for timely assessment of the etiology of the disease and the treatment optimization.

The goal of the research is to investigate the frst attack of demyelinated disease with an affection of one of functional systems. To assess the factors affecting the rate of transition monofocal clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) into a reliable multiple sclerosis. The structure of monofocal CIS was studied in case of 102 observations. The conversion of monofocal CIS in clinically defnite multiple sclerosis (CDMS) was retraced. The results of clinical and instrumental methods (magnetic resonance imaging — MRI and multimodal evoked potentials — MEP) were studied. Clinical and instrumental identifed markers of high transition probability monofocal CIS to CDRS were found. Early age of CIS formation and a large number of demyelination foci on MRI are the risk factors for the development to CDRS.

In 30 children in the age of 12,8±0,3 with mental retardation and 30 healthy children of the same age an element balance of organism and state of cognitive functions were related. The content of elements (Ca, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Sr, Pb) in the hair was determined by a method of X-ray fuorescent spectroscopy. The content of Ca, Ni and Mn in 55 % of children and the defciency of Fe in 21 % of children with mental retardation were established. The defciency of Ca, Fe and Mn of healthy children was displayed. The value of Sr and Pb in organism in children of booth group was normal. The content of Mo in hair in 40 % of children with mental retardation and in 30 % of children of a check-group were established. The relationship between the content of chemical elements in organisms and state of cognitive functions was analyzed by non-parametric analysis by Spearmen. The excess of Ni in organism of children with mental retardation and defciency of Fe in organism of children in booth groups negatively infuenced the characteristics of cognitive functions (0,34<r<0,54). The infuence on characteristics of cognitive functions of Mn was not reveled.

Purpose: correction of vegetative disorders in patients with mandibular fractures. Material and methods. A total of 70 patients with mandibular fractures, both clinically and by additional survey methods: assessment of heart rate variability as a result cardiointervalography, catecholamine levels of red blood cells, rheovasography mental arteries.Results. In most patients studied, revealed marked activation of sympathetic nervous system, the tension of adaptation mechanisms, impaired regional blood fow. The connection between the incidence of fractures complicated course and severity of disorders of autonomic responses. Conclusion. The way of correction of vegetative disorders in patients with mandibular fractures.

Studying of dynamics and role of neurologic disorders in an assessment of surgical treatment effciency of nonspe-cifc purulent diseases of a backbone was the goal of the research. As a material of research two groups of patients, check group — 73 patients, the main group — 110 patients, were treated with nonspecifc purulent diseases of a backbone served. After surgical treatment essential regression of initial neurologic disorders was observed. Considerable changes of a pain vertebrogenic syndrome and neurologic defciency are sensitive criteria of an assessment of effcien-cy of results of the surgical treatment, as it refects accurate dynamics of initial indicators by the end of hospitalization.

The goal of the research is to analyze the dynamics of the clinical picture at multiple sclerosis (MS) patients living in Rostov region, who got the disease over the 1965 to 2010 period. The clinical data of 505 MS patients have been analyzed (age, gender, MS onset peculiarities, speed of MS progression, the time of reaching 3,4 and 6 EDSS scores). Worsening of the natural MS course over recent decades in population of Rostov region has been identifed. Taking into account the multifactor nature of multiple sclerosis, the fact of worsening can be explained by the increase of negative environmental infuence, which should be considered while medico-prophylactic organizations.

Analysis of alcohol and dyscirculatory encephalopathies among the elderly and working age. Material and methods. A survey of 781 patients of neurological departments of a hospital of the Central Clinic № 58 of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency and the City Hospital № 2 Severodvinsk in Arkhangelsk region in 2004 – 2010. During the research specifc information about the prevalence of alcohol and discirculatory encephalopathies among different age and gender and social groups have been revealed. The annual increase in the number of patients with alcohol encephalopathy is accompanied by the growing number of elderly patients. In a signifcant percentage of the organization of treatment include intensive care due to the rapid development and severe disease on the background of comorbid somatic pathology is needed.

Immunograms of 50 healthy people and 117 neurooncologic patients were analysed as comparison of their status of health and pathology in their immunity. Differences in immune parameters in test groups interpreted as reorganization of immune homeostasis with functional immunodefciency were determined by mathematic methods.