2020, volume 16
Formation of Academician A. N. Bakulev's personality at the Department of Hospital Surgery of Saratov Medical University (to the 130th birth anniversary)
Heading: Scientific schools and memorable dates Article type:
Authors: Tsarev О.А., Zakharov А.А., Gorokhov S.V.
Organization: Saratov State Medical University
The article presents the bibliographic information about Academician A. N. Bakulev, which describes the stages of his development at the Department of Hospital Surgery of Saratov Medical University.
Professor D.V. Sadchikov: The seventieth anniversary
Heading: Scientific schools and memorable dates Article type:
Authors: Kuligin A.V., Zeulina Е.Е., Lushnikov A.V.
Organization: Saratov State Medical University
The publication traces the career path of Professor D. V. Sadchikov, along with his contribution to the development of domestic anesthesiology and intensive care medicine. Professor D. V. Sadchikov created a novel branch of anes-thesiology and intensive care medicine, which comprised of studying the mechanisms of a patient critical condition formation based on the concept of nervous system priority and a functional systemic approach in various branches of a medical science: obstetrics and gynecology, surgery, neurosurgery and internal medicine. The use of this field of study made it possible to approach both intensive care and the replacement of dysfunctions in leading functional systems of a patient in a critical condition from a fundamentally novel standpoint. Professor D.V. Sadchikov's principal directions of his active medical practice were the issues related to the critical condition of a patient in obstetrics and gynecology (primarily, pre-eclampsia and endotoxemia); pain relief in severe concomitant pathology; prevention of the development and intensive care of pulmonary complications in neurotrauma; intensive care in acute cerebrovascular accidents; as well as to the establishment of the anesthesia and intensive care service in Saratov Oblast. Having pursued a successful professional path, Dr. D. V. Sadchikov made a significant contribution to the development of the field of study in Anesthesiology and Intensive Care and the establishment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Service in Saratov Oblast.
Contribution of the house of sanitary education to the fight and prevention of tuberculosis in the Saratov region: basic milestones of history
Heading: Scientific schools and memorable dates Article type:
Authors: Kazimirova N.E., Zavyalov A.I., Basova A.V., Chulochnikov A.A.
Organization: Saratov State Medical University
The article reveals the contribution of the Saratov House of Health Education to the organization of control and prevention of tuberculosis in the Saratov region. The various forms and methods of public health education with the public, conducted by the House of Health Education throughout its activities, based on the social and economic conditions of society are described. The authors come to the conclusion that the House of Health Education plays an important role in preventing the spread of tuberculosis in the Saratov Region.
G.I. Chibrikov as a Deputy Director of Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Neurosurgery of Saratov State Medical University n. a. V. I. Razumovsky (to the 75th anniversary)
Heading: anniversary Article type:
Authors: Grishin S.E., Ulyanov V.Yu., Puchinyan D.M., Ostrovsky V.V.
Organization: Saratov State Medical University
The study follows the career progress of a professional trauma orthopedist and a resourceful healthcare manager Gennadiy I. Chibrikov who started his way as a Junior Research Assistant and became Head Physician of the Saratov Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Neurosurgery. He designed the surgical management method for the complicated fractures of the ankle joint, suggested improvements to osteosynthesis for the lower third of lower-leg bones now used in dozens of the Russian Federation regions. During his 29 years as a Head Physician in the Institute he arranged efficient clinical care that also resulted in the enhancement of the researches.
Anatomical variability of greater palatine canal and greater palatine foramen in men of the first period of adulthood
Heading: Human anatomy Article type: Original article
Authors: Kalmin O.V., Efremova A.V., Zyulkina L.A.
Organization: Penza State University
The purpose of research is to reveal the anatomical variability of the shape and size of the greater palatine canal and the greater palatine foramen in men of the first period of adulthood. Material and Methods. The object of the study included 129 men of the first period of adulthood (from 20 to 35 years). The number of the greater palatine foramen, their shape, antero-posterior and medio-distal diameters, the length of the greater palatine canal, its shape, its medio-distal and antero-posterior diameters in the upper, middle and lower thirds of the canal were determined on cone-ray computed tomograms. Results. In men of the first period of adulthood, the medio-distal diameter of the greater palatine foramen on the right averaged 3.67±0.79 mm; on the left, 3.64±0.80 mm; the antero-posterior diameter of the greater palatine foramen on the right averaged 5.79 ±0.86 mm; on the left, 5.73±0.84 mm. 10 forms of the greater palatine foramen were identified: oval, elongated in the antero-posterior direction, helical, crescent-shaped, triangular, teardrop-shaped, round, bean-shaped, diamond-shaped, semicircular and ovoid. The length of the greater palatine canal on the right is 33.59±2.87 mm, on the left — 32.94±2.92 mm. 6 forms of the greater palatine canal were identified: wave-shaped, funnel-shaped with a bend in the lower third, hourglass shape, zigzag, crescent, straight shape. Conclusion. The greater palatine canal and the greater palatal foramen have a pronounced variability in size, shape and topography in men of the first period of adulthood. However, no significant bilateral differences in the medio-distal and anteropos-terior diameters of the greater palatine foramen and the length of the greater palatine canal were found.
Professional characteristics of a pharmaceutical specialist in chemist's
Heading: Sociology of Medicine Article type: Original article
Authors: Smolina V.A., Novokreshchenova I.G., Novokreshchenov I.V.
Organization: Saratov State Medical University
Purpose: to characterize pharmaceutical specialist in a pharmacy as a professional group based on the formation of a social portrait. Material and Methods. A survey was conducted in the form of a questionnaire of pharmaceutical specialists in a pharmacy (n=407). The author's questionnaire included 2 blocks of questions to identify the social and professional characteristics of the respondents. Results. The main characteristics of the social portrait of a pharmacy employee are: female (96.1±0.5%), average age 30.8±0.5 years, secondary pharmaceutical education (74.7±0.4%), work experience in the specialty 8.63±0.5 years. The specialist carries out professional activities in chain pharmacies (84.3±0.5%) and holds the position of "pharmacist" (77.9±0.4%). A pharmaceutical specialist rarely changes his job (80.6±0.4%), is satisfied with his job (77.1 ±0.4%), is confident in the right choice of profession (71.0±0.4%), and feels the social significance of the work performed (88.7±0.5%). Conclusion. The socio-professional group of pharmaceutical specialists in a pharmacy is homogeneous in its cha.acteristics; working in a pharmacy environment affects the formation and implementation of a pharmaceutical specialist as a professional.
Analyzing strategies for overcoming personnel crisis in regional healthcare settings: the results of a focus group study
Heading: Sociology of Medicine Article type: Original article
Authors: Erugina M.V., Krom I.L., Eremina M.G., Kovalev E.P., Bochkaryova G.N., Dolgova E.M., Grigoryeva E.A.
Organization: Saratov State Medical University, Azerbaijan Medical University
The purpose of the study is to substantiate the directions of overcoming the personnel crisis, which is relevant to the professional group of doctors, in the regional health care system. Material and Methods. To form an objective understanding of the characteristics of the personnel crisis in the regional health care system and the directions for improving the medical personnel potential of the Saratov region, the authors conducted a sociological focus group study in which 8 experts-organizers of health care took part. In the conditions of the marginalization of professional groups in the regional health care system, a shortage and suboptimal structure of medical personnel, a systematic approach was used to solve the problem of developing the personnel potential of the region. Results. Based on the study, the main directions of development of the medical personnel potential of the regional health care system were formed: targeted training of specialists for regional health care; elimination of age and financial deprivations of a professional group of doctors; the formation an attractive professional environment for doctors; implementation of individual and organizational practices to minimize the risks of professional activity; organization of mentoring for young professionals; the formation of «social elevators» for doctors in primary care; overcoming the shortage and suboptimal structure of medical personnel in regional health care. The guide scenario for the focus group study included discussion by experts of the characteristics of the personnel crisis relevant to the professional group of doctors, and ways to overcome it. Conclusion. Verification of the main risk factors for a personnel crisis relevant to the professional group of doctors, eliminating personnel imbalances and solving the problem of developing the personnel potential of regional healthcare is a condition for increasing the availability and quality of medical care for the population.
Analysis of medical and social characteristics of day inpatients with gynecological profile
Heading: public health Article type: Original article
Authors: Fomina A.V., Dzidzariya F.G.
Organization: Peoples' Friendship University of Russia
Objective: analysis of the influence of medical and social characteristics of women on the organization of gynecological care in the one day hospital. Material and Methods. The study involved 263 women, undergoing treatment in a gynecological day hospital, organized on the basis of a large multidisciplinary hospital in Moscow. The following research methods were used: sociological (self-developed questionnaire), statistical (descriptive statistics, comparison of mean values, Chi-square). Results. The age and social characteristics of women, their referral fortreatment by primary care or hospital doctors, the possibility of choosing the type of hospitalization are medical and social factors that affect the organization of the activities of the day hospital of the gynecological profile. The largest group (33.1%) included women in the age of 31-40. Most of the patients were referred for one day hospital treatment by doctors of primary care medical organizations (87.5% of cases). The share of women who were treated in a day hospital for the first time was 80.3%. Half of the respondents (51.0%) noted the opportunity to undergo treatment without leaving their family and home. The distribution of the choice between treatment in a 24-hour hospital and in a day hospital is statistically significant for age groups (p <0.05): the choice was given to a greater extent to persons aged 61 and older. Conclusion. The analysis of the obtained medical and social characteristics of the patients of the day hospital of the gynecological profile showed that the organization of specialized medical care in the conditions of hospital-replacing technologies is justified. Factors such as the employment rate of women, their age and social characteristics, and factors related to referral to treatment are taken into account.
Peculiarities of psychological tests for pregnant women prone to abandoning a newborn
Heading: public health Article type: Original article
Authors: Manerova О.А., Markina A.Yu.
Organization: First Moscow State Medical University n.a. I.M. Sechenov, South Ural State Medical University
The goal is to develop and use psychological tools (test) as an element of the system of primary prevention of early social orphanhood being created in a large industrial region. Material and Methods. The developed psychological test was empirically tested in 2018 on a group of pregnant women, consisting of 113 respondents aged 15-40 years, living in the Chelyabinsk region. The electronic version of the test (questionnaire) was introduced into the work of the regional obstetric and gynecological service in September 2019. Results. The questionnaire showed high sensitivity, identifying in 95% of abandoned mothers in 2019 an increased tendency to abandon a newborn. Most of the pregnant women inclined to abandon the child were identified in urban districts of the region (51 women), and the least — in rural areas (17 women). During the year, a positive effect in the prevention of abandonment was achieved in relation to 54.0% of women initially inclined to abandon a newborn. The best result was shown in the regional center — 60.0%. Conclusion. An effective diagnostic technique has been obtained, which makes it possible to purposefully carry out preventive work to prevent early social orphanhood. The developed test made it possible to exclude as much as possible the subjective moment in the statements of pregnant women about the fate of newborns, which led to a more expeditious start of preventive measures to counter refusals.
Availability of the specialized oncological health care at federal research centre
Heading: public health Article type: Original article
Authors: Lomakov S.Y., Chernobrovkina А.Е., Vishnyakov N.I., Kochorova L.V., Smirnova N.Yu.
Organization: Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University
Objective: to assess the availability of specialized medical care for malignant neoplasms of the female genital organs in the Federal research center for residents of various regions of Russia. Material and Methods. A special questionnaire was used to conduct a survey of patients (n=164) at the Federal cancer center on the availability of oncological and gynecological care. The data had a normal distribution, statistically processed with calculation intensive, extensive and mean values (M±m) with the risk of error of 0.05, correlations of Pierson, significance of difference by student f-criterion, scoring (five-point system, where 5 is maximum points). Results. Unsatisfactory availability of oncological and gynecological care for regional patients in the Federal clinic was revealed: 56.3% of patients were not offered to choose a hospital, 41.0% waited 14-30 days for hospitalization, 60.3% were forced to pay for radiation tests before hospitalization due to their low availability at the place of residence. This is reflected in the patients' satisfaction with medical care and its timeliness: when conducting radiation tests before hospitalization, the average waiting time is 15.5±2.7 days, in the absence of it— 18.1±4.2 (f =3.5, p<0.05). Conclusion. Restrictions on the availability of medical care in the Federal clinic for residents of Russian regions are due to the lack of coordination of inter-regional cooperation in the organization of examinations, including radiation, which requires the development of measures to improve it.