№3, 2021, volume 17

Purpose: to analyze the health of the population as a marker of social stress by comparing the analytical parameters of the prevalence of myocardial infarction (Ml) and gastric and duodenal ulcer (U). Material and Methods. We examined the data of the official statistical reports of the Saratov Health Committee. The prevalence of Ml and U in 1990-2000 was studied. The excitability, sensitivity, and stability of the population system were judged by analyzing the speed characteristics and fragments of phase portraits of the prevalence of Ml and U in a multidimensional phase space. Re-sults. The multidirectional speed characteristics of the dynamics of the prevalence of Ml and U in the population were revealed; a different number of time points when the sign of the rate of change in the prevalence of pathology changed to the opposite (for Ml — 5 times, forU — 3 times); the direction of movement of the image point is centrifugal for Ml and centripetal for U. Conclusion. The excitability and stability of the population system is higher in terms of the prevalence of Ml, the sensitivity of the population system is higher in terms of the prevalence of U.

Purpose: in patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD) and chronic periodontitis (CP) of varying severity, to assess the clinical and laboratory status and endothelial functions in comparison with the clinical, instrumental and microbiological characteristics of the periodontium. Material and Methods. 120 patients with CHD and CP were examined; 55 were with CP without somatic pathology, 30 were with CHD and intact periodontal disease. Results. In CHD in combination with mild CP, the level of C-reactive protein (4.5±1.5 mg/l), indicators of endothelial functions (endothelin-1: 4.5±1.6 ng/ml; slCAM-1: 429.6±90.8 ng/ml; sVCAM-1: 932.2±137.4 ng/ml; endothelium-dependent va-sodilation (EDV): 9.5±1.9%), characteristics of common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA IMT): 0.8±0.3 mm correspond to those in CHD without CP. CHD in combination with moderate and severe CP is associated with more severe dyslipidemia, high levels of C-reactive protein (8.8±4.7 mg/L); endothelial dysfunction (endothelin-1: 5.8±1.9 ng/ml; slCAM-1: 489.7±98.1 ng/ml; sVCAM-1: 1012.5±184.6 ng/ml; EDV: 8.6±1.8%), increased CCA IMT: 0.90±0.20 mm. Conclusion. Stable coronary artery disease in combination with moderate and severe CP compared with coronary heart disease without CP and coronary heart disease with mild CP is associated with more severe dyslipidemia, vascular wall remodeling and endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial dysfunction in patients with coronary heart disease, like the activity of periodontitis, is associated with periodontal colonization by P. gingivalis and T. forsythia.

The purpose of the study is a comparative analysis of the personal reaction characteristics and key factors of cardiovascular risk for patients with stable forms of coronary heart disease through their resistance to the stress agents. Material and Methods. 88 male patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) were tested by using the generally accepted clinical examination, and the Subbotin, Spielberger — Hanin questionnaires, and also the Toronto Alexithymia Scale; mean age was 50,8 (49,9; 51,3) years. Results. Among the individuals we observed, patients with reduced stress resistance (65,1 %) prevailed, they formed group I, and patients with high stress resistance (34,9 %) formed group II. Patients from group I had higher indicators of anxiety, cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein blood levels, a tendency to alexithymia, lower glomerular filtration rate and more frequent indications in the history of coronary events than representatives of group II. Conclusion. IHD patients with reduced stress resistance need its correction to increase the effectiveness of secondary prevention of this pathology, and to reduce the risk of cardiovascular catastrophes.

Ариадна Евгеньевна Аболина — организатор и первый заведующий кафедрой травматологии и ортопедии Саратовского медицинского института, возглавлявшая ее 26 лет. В период руководства кафедрой А. Е. Аболиной получено первое в Саратовском медицинском институте авторское свидетельство на изобретение, выполнена одна из первых операций с наложением аппарата Илизарова, проведена первая в Саратове операция эндопротезирования тазобедренного сустава, снят первый в институте цветной учебный фильм, впервые применены полиэтиленовые транспортные шины.

The article describes the professional biography of the famous pediatrician, Doctor of Medical Sciences, professor V. I. Goremykin. His activity as the organizer and the first head of department of polyclinic pediatrics, as well as the head of department of faculty pediatrics of Saratov Medical University is presented. The article is devoted to the 80th birth anniversary. It contains the analysis of work of V. I. Goremykin, as the founder of scientific pediatric school and an organizer of healthcare as the rector of Saratov Medical University.

Objective: to study the effect of the targeted delivery system based on tannic acid within silver alginate framework microcapsules on the gums microvasculature state in rats with intact periodontium and with experimental model peri-odontitis. Material and Methods. The studies were carried out using 90 white rats, divided into six groups, including a control group, 2 groups with intact periodontium, a gel with microcapsules not loaded and loaded with tannic acid was applied once, a group of rats with experimental periodontitis, 2 groups of animals with periodontitis, which were applied gel with microcapsules, without tannic acid and with its loading. In animals, gingival perfusion and blood flow modulation mechanisms were assessed using laser Doppler flowmetry. Results. Application of a gel containing silver microcapsules to an intact gum in rats causes a 7.5% transient increase in perfusion and activation of microcirculation modulation. Loading the microcapsules with tannin acid reduces the severity of transient changes in microcirculation. The use of a gel with capsules loaded with tannic acid in rats with periodontitis makes it possible to achieve a more pronounced normalization of perfusion and mechanisms of microcirculation modulation than the use of a gel containing microcapsules without active components. Conclusion. Loading of alginate microcapsules with silver ions and tannic acid allows reducing the irritating effect on the gingival mucosa accompanied by increase in the efficiency of microcir-culatory disorders correction in experimental model periodontitis.

Objective: to study phagocytic reactivity of neutrophils in peripheral blood of patients with infectious complications after total knee replacement. Material and Methods. We identified indicators of Phagocytic Activity of Neutrophils (PAN) in peripheral blood in 40 patients with implant-associated infection (main group) and 30 individuals without infectious inflammatory complications including aseptic loosening of knee implant components (comparison group). Results. In patients of the main group on the 5th day of the revision total knee replacement the increase in Phagocytic Index (PI) (p<0.05) was observed as well as in Phagocyte Index in 5 min Incubation (PI5) (p<0.05), Phagocyte Index in 30 min Incubation (PI30) (p<0.05), Phagocytosis Completeness Index (PCI) (p<0.05), and Number of Active Phagocytes (NAP) (p<0.05). In 14 days PI (p^O.05) and NAP (p.,<0.05) decreased as compared to the 5th day, while PI5 and PCI significantly increased. In patients of the comparison group PI (p<0.05), PI5 (p<0.05), and NAP (p<0.05) all grew by the 5th day. In 14 days PI30 grew (p^O.05) as compared to the day before. Conclusion. The incepting and digesting functions of neutrophils increased over 5 days in patients of the main group. On the 14th day we observed even higher incepting and digesting functions of neutrophils as compared to the 5th day. In patients of the comparison group the increase of incepting function of neutrophils was revealed over the 5th and 14th days of post-surgery.

Objective: to identify the sex differences in anthropometric and somatotypological parameters of the Gujarat youth people. Material and Methods. 147 male and 105 female 18-21 years old of the Gujarat ethnicity were studied. Anthropometry was carried out with a standard set of instruments. The following parameters were measured: body length, weight, transverse chest diameter, straight chest diameter, chest circumference at the moment of inhalation, chest circumference at the moment of exhalation, shoulder width, pelvic width. The indices of Pignet, Tanner, Erisman, Rees — Eisench, Quetelet II were calculated. Results. The body length of boys averaged 171.8±0.5 cm, for girls — 156.8±0.6 cm; the body weight of boys averaged 63.6±1.1 kg, girls — 53.37±1.09 kg; the value of the biacromial diameter in boys was 39.8±0.1 cm, in girls — 34.3±0.2 cm; the frontal diameter of the chest in boys was 26.9±0.2 cm, in girls — 23.0±0.2 cm; the circumference of the chest in boys at the time of the pause was 87,8±0,7 cm, in girls — 79.9±0.5 cm. The maximum circumference of the chest in boys and girls was determined to be 90.9±0.7 cm and 84.8±0.6 cm, respectively, minimum circumference of the chest in boys and girls — 82.9±0.7 and 76.2±0.6 cm, respectively. Conclusion. In both boys and girls, in most cases, an asthenic body type, narrow chest, and normal body weight were determined. According to the index of sexual dimorphism among the subjects as a whole, the mesomorphic body type was more often determined, the andromorphic type in parts was in second place and was 3.9 times more often detected in boys, the gynecomorphic type was 9.8 times more often detected in girls.

Objective: to determine the risks of digitalization, relevant to doctors, in the rural health care of the Saratov region. Material and Methods. The survey was attended by 87 doctors working in medical organizations in the districts of the Saratov region. The majority (88%) of the respondents are women. The average age of the respondents is 48±2 years. To conduct the research, a sociological survey questionnaire was developed, which considered the issues of increasing the availability and quality of medical care to the population; problems of rural healthcare, the solutions of which are associated with the digitalization of healthcare; barriers in the development of telemedicine; the willingness of respondents to use telemedicine technologies in professional activities. Results and Discussion. The majority (94%) of respondents assume that with the development of telemedicine in the region, the availability of medical care for the population will increase, but 81% of respondents don't believe that telemedicine will improve the quality of medical care. Only 27% of respondents used telemedicine technologies in their professional activities. The majority of respondents (92%) don't support the expansion of telemedicine capabilities associated with the ability to remotely diagnose and prescribe treatment for a patient; 98% of respondents exclude an increase in adherence to the treatment of patients in the conditions of telemedicine. Conclusion. The results of the research indicate an insufficient preparatory, technical and organizational component in the process of digitalization of the healthcare system at the regional level.

Objective: to systematize the most promising biomedical innovations and technological approaches which have certain significance for the development of world and domestic medicine. The article provides an overview of the latest trends and trends in world medicine and healthcare. In the course of the study, scientific publications were analyzed, both in printed form and in the form of electronic publications. The search for literary sources included 15 years. The review uses the works from the international medical databases PubMed, EMBASE, medRxiv, bioRxiv, LILACS, Cochrane, Scopus and SciELO, CrossRef, Google Scholar, the Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI) and the electronic library eLibrary. Molecular genetic diagnostics, bioinformatic analysis of genomic and biomarker data, gene therapy, regenerative medicine, cell engineering, creation of targeted biological products, new types of genetically engineered vaccines, personal telemedicine, artificial medical intelligence systems are not a complete list of innovations being introduced into modern clinical practice.