2026, volume 22

Objective: the designing of the personalized technique for rotational alignment of the knee implant femoral component. Material and methods. This study is based on the findings of the retrospective analysis of 127 CT knee scans from patients who suffered I–III stages of knee osteoarthritis by N.S. Kosinskaya classification. The anatomical and surgical supracondylar and posterior condylar lines commonly used in preoperative planning for the alignment of knee implant femoral component were defined. A new more precise line designated as the front tangent was also described; this is not yet used in the national practice (patent for invention RU 2819654 С1б 2024). Results. The standard external rotation inclination (3º) is not universal for all patients because the angle between the surgical and posterior condylar lines varies in the range of 1.5º (0.6–4.3º) in stage III osteoarthritis. The analysis revealed statistically significant strong correlations between the angles formed by the anterior tangent and the surgical lines, as well as the anatomical supracondylar line (R=0.9724). These served as the basis for the designing of a preoperative planning technique that rests on the anterior tangent line. Conclusion. The designed personalized technique for rotational alignment of the knee implant femoral component features significant practical potential due to the close relationship of the anterior tangent line with the anatomical and surgical supracondylar lines determined by standard angular measurements.

Objective: to evaluate the microleakage of temporary filling materials used in the dentist practice. Material and methods. 5 groups of temporary sealing materials were selected: zinc sulphate cement, zinc sulphate cement modified by polymer paste former, zinc oxideuegenol cement, modified polymethylmethacrylate, light curing polymer material, glass ionomer cement. For each group, 10 samples of teeth were prepared. All samples were immersed in a thermostat with distilled water and a solution of methylene blue for 14 days. The samples were then sawn along the sagittal axis to evaluate the penetration thickness of the dye. Results. It was found that the color thickness reliably differs depending on the group of sealing material; the criterion of Кruskal – Wallis, H=17.63; p=0.002. The highest colorimetric permeability was shown by the samples from the zinc-sulphate cement group, zinc oxideugenol cement 97% and 52% of the thickness of the temporary filling respectively. In the group of glass ionomer cement, dye penetration along the "seal – tooth" boundary was not observed. Conclusion. The samples from the group of zinc sulphate and zinc oxideuegenol cement showed the highest marginal permeability.

Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of comprehensive treatment of patients with temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome using dynamic electrical nerve stimulation. Material and methods. 60 patients with K07.60 "Temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome (Costen's syndrome)" of varying severity were selected. The first group of patients (n=30) underwent comprehensive treatment including dynamic electrical nerve stimulation if there were complaints on pain, the second group (n=30) received a course of 10-15 procedures in the same areas. Before and after treatment, pain was assessed using a visual analogue pain scale, and the severity of temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome was assessed using our proposed method of analogue diagnostics of severity. Results. The severity of pain dysfunction syndrome and the visual analogue pain scale scores after treatment decreased in the first group from 13.33±1.46 and 4.07±0.39 to 0 points (p<0.001), respectively, and in the second group from 13.9±1.62 and 3.83±0.38 to 0 points (p<0.001), respectively. In patients of the first group, after treatment, pathology was completely absent in 80% of patients, and in the second group – in 97% (p=0.047). Conclusion. Dynamic electrical nerve stimulation is an effective method if use it in course for the comprehensive treatment of patients with temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome.

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) remains the leading cause of irreversible blindness. Despite achieving target intraocular pressure, most POAG patients continue to experience visual function decline. One of the factors contributing to the progression of glaucomatous optic neuropathy may be impaired microcirculation. This article presents an analysis of the results of a multimodal examination of 3 patients with POAG, including standard ophthalmological methods and optical coherence tomography with angiography. The choice of clinical cases is due to the possibility to demonstrate different variants of the course of the disease and the response to the treatment (local drug hypotensive therapy and antiglaucoma surgery), as well as to assess the impact of comorbid vascular pathology on the condition of the optic nerve disc hemoperfusion. The presented clinical observations substantiate the need for a personalized approach to the management of POAG patients with the obligatory assessment not only of the ophthalmotonus, but also of the state of regional hemodynamics, especially in case of a pronounced negative dynamics of structural and functional indicators.