№1, 2021, volume 17

The aim is to reveal the psychological characteristics of elderly patients of the neurological hospital with multisensory insufficiency and statodynamic disorders. Material and Methods. The study included data on 100 patients (mean age 67.6±7.7 years), each of whom was tested twice: on admission to a neurological hospital and on the day of discharge. We used the Luscher color test modified by L. N. Sobchik. Results. The level of performance of patients is assessed as average, but the indicators of the stressful state reflect the presence of moderate stress, unproductive tension, instability, fatigue, and the prevalence of negative thoughts and regrets. More than 30% of elderly patients experienced severe anxiety, a tendency to depressive feelings, about 11 % of patients had strong psychological stress. Conclusion. The revealed characteristics "heteronomy" and "concentricity" can be attributed to the "portrait of an average elderly patient" of the neurological hospital with balance disorders. However, given the wide range of fluctuations in the values in this sample, it will be advisable to use psycho-diagnostics, in particular, with the help of time-consuming projective techniques, for each patient of the older age group in the selection of individual approaches to the provision of medical care.

The article presents the scientific and practical contribution of the doctor of medicine E. K. Rosenthal in the organization and development of surgery and oncology in the Saratov and Penza provinces in the Zemsky period (in the 60-90s of the nineteenth century). Rosenthal's active work in "Conversations of Saratov Doctors Society" was shown to expand the provision of medical care, the fight and the prevention of infectious diseases among the population of the region.

The research follows the career of Igor I. Zhadyonov, a prominent administrator of the Russian science, who managed Saratov Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics for 30 years. Igor I. Zhadyonov founded and headed the Republican Arthrology Center (RAC) for 28 years, the only facility in the Russian Federation focused on rheumaorthopedic science. RAC scientists led by Igor I. Zhadyonov were the pioneers of arranging the Soviet rheu-maorthopedic service. It was Igor I. Zhadyonov who performed first total joint replacements in Saratov. He made a great contribution to the design of the Russian hip implants. The prosthesis created by Zhadyonov and his colleagues was one of the first Soviet medical devices of this kind, and unlike the analogues it was a dismantling one.

The article is devoted to the bibliographic data of Professor N. P. Chesnokova. The aim of the article is to underline professor's contribution into the development of pathophysiology as a science and to the training of both medical students and teaching staff at Saratov State Medical University n. a. V. I. Razumovsky.

The aim is to identify the features of quantitative and qualitative changes in the humoral and cellular components of the immune defense in patients with primary multiple synchronous breast cancer (PMSC) and thyroid cancer and solitary thyroid cancer (STC). Material and Methods. The indicators of humoral and cellular components of immunity were analyzed in comparison in 34 patients with breast and thyroid multiple primary synchronous cancer, in 36 patients with STC and 36 women of the control group. Results. Significant quantitative and qualitative changes in cellular and humoral immunity in patients with PMSC and thyroid glands in comparison with corresponding indicators of women of the control group in declining more than 30% of the level of CD3-, CD16-, CD4-T-lymphocytes, all classes of immuno-globulins, against virtually unchanged indicators CD19-b cells. When comparing the indicators of immunity in patients with STC and control groups showed a reduction of approximately 34% in CD4-T-lymphocyt.es, 20% CD16-T cells, in the absence of significant changes of the studied parameters. Conclusion. In the course of the study more expressed changes of disorders of cellular and humoral immune protection in patients with PMSC breast and thyroid glands in comparison with the indicators at patients with STC and control group in the form of lower total number of lymphocytes, CD3-T-lymphocytes, CD4-T-lymphocyt.es, CD16-T-lymphocytes, immunoregulatory index, as well as lower level of im-munoglobulins of main classes were identified.

The goal of the article is to determine social determinants of a physician's professional reputation. Materials and methods. The results of the semi-structured expert interview (Л/=12; 7 men, 5 women) are analyzed, the group of respondents consists of professors of Saratov SMU n. a. Razumovsky; respondents' general experience in practical medicine and education is more than 20 years; experts' age is 54-69 years. The interviewed experts specialize in surgery, traumatology and orthopedics, therapy, endocrinology, cardiology, gastroenterology. Results. The key social determinants of a physician's reputation are highlighted on the basis of the analyzed contradictions between organization and control over everyday medical practice, values and meanings of medical education. The authors explain the origin of negative "markers" of social value of a physician's profession and significance of higher medical school to overcome them. Conclusion. It was revealed that there is a negative connotation and inconsistency between formed in the period of study and real ideas about physician's professional role, as well as requirements for a modern specialist in the field of medicine. The decrease in importance of empathy and prestige of a medical profession among young generation of doctors is marked.

The social environment is the source and context of the formation of social health risks of the population, the relevance of the impact of which on the health of the child population is pointed out by many researchers. Modern Russian studies discuss a wide range of risks and territorial differentiation in the state of children's health. The interdisciplinary analysis of social risks of children's health allows us to consider perinatal pathology from the perspective of multicausal pathology. In order to typologize the social risks of children's health based on the study of literature, the authors analyzed 34 publications from domestic and foreign scientometric, abstract and full-text databases (e-Library, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library, and others) for the period 2009-2021. The authors of the publications cited in the article fix socio-economic inequality, poverty, and limited access to medical care, which are more typical for Russian regions, in the context of the leading social health risks of the child population in Russia.

The aim: assessment of the state of cognitive functions, mental and physical status, and their interconnection during the entire period of training among female students of medical specialties. Material and Methods. The sample size was 626 respondents. The response rate was 93.5%. In the study of cognitive abilities, the Montreal rating scale (lOCa test) was used. Health-related quality of life was assessed using the MOS SF-36 Health-Related Quality of Life Brief Self-Assessment Questionnaire. The significance of differences in the groups was identified using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The level of correlation of variables was assessed using the Spearman's correlation coefficient. Results. The average assessment of the state of cognitive functions (lOCa test) was 25.8 points, which is within the reference values. By the senior years of study, the functions of attention, concentration and working memory (4.8 versus 4.1 points, p<0.05) and executive functions (3.8 versus 3.0 points, p<0, 05). The average value of the variable describing cognitive functions among female students studying in the 6th year is significantly higher than among freshmen. The total self-assessment of Health-Related Question of Life MOS SF-36 was also within the limits of the normative values (68 points) and significantly higher than the average in the population. Correlation of the total indicator of the level of ac- tivity of cognitive functions of female students with the main indicators of self-assessment of the quality of life related to health was Я?=0.45-0.63, which corresponds to the average level of interconnection. The relationship between the activity of cognitive functions and objective markers of health status turned out to be weak. Conclusion. The dynamics of cognitive functions among female students of medical universities in the learning process is interconnected with self-assessment of physical and mental status. The level of co-cognitive functions in them corresponds to the reference values, self-esteem of the quality of life related to health is high. Self-esteem of physical status among primary-year students is significantly higher than that of mental status.

Aneurysmal dilatation of the visceral arteries is quite a rare disease in vascular surgery (only 0.1-2% of cases per 100000 population). Nevertheless, for patients with this pathology, timely diagnostics is very important, since there is a high risk of sudden bleeding into the retroperitoneal space associated with a rupture of aneurysm. This paper presents a clinical case of successful endovascular treatment of a giant splenic artery aneurysm by its embolization with coils. Our experience shows that endovascular treatment is a valid alternative to open surgery for patients with splenic artery aneurysm. It is believed that transcatheter embolization of visceral artery aneurysms is the method of choice for this pathology.

The article presents a report on a case of successful application of allogeneic spongious graft made from the resected femoral head that was prepared following the Marburg Bone Bank System requirements. It was used for the restoration of the vast bone defect in osteosynthesis of multi-fragment intra-articular distal humerus fracture (AO/ASIF type 3) with metal plates and screws.