Saratov JOURNAL of Medical and Scientific Research

2017, volume 13

Analysis of the regional pharmaceutical market of hypoglycemic drugs of oral administration

Year: 2017, volume 13 Issue: №2 Pages: 225-228
Heading: Parmacology Article type: Original article
Authors: Orlova T.S., Buyuklinskaya O.V.
Organization: Northern State Medical University
Summary:

Aim: to study the regional pharmaceutical market of oral antidiabetic drugs for 2013-2016 according to the example of the pharmacy network of "Yuniver" (Arkhangelsk), not realizing the program of preferential home. Material and Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of reports on the movement of goods in "Yuniver OOO "for the period from 2013 to 2016 were analyzed range of oral antidiabetic drugs on international nonproprietary names, and trade names, dynamic oral antidiabetic drugs sales (number of dispensed packages). Results. On the basis of data on the movement of goods showed an annual expansion of assortment of oral antidiabetic drugs in the pharmacy network, not realizing the program of preferential home. Conclusion. The assortment of oral hypoglycemic preparations on the example of a pharmacy network that does not realize a program of preferential leave for people with diabetes mellitus testifies to the use of modern medicines that prevent the occurrence of microcirculatory disorders of target organs included in the list of vital and essential drugs and in accordance with clinical recommendations on therapy this pathology.

Keywords: type 2 diabetes, oral hypoglycemic agents, glycated hemoglobin

Clinical manifestations and forensic medical evaluation of hemothorax

Year: 2017, volume 13 Issue: №2 Pages: 221-224
Heading: Forensic medicine Article type: Original article
Authors: Kupryushin A.S., Efimov А.А., Loginov S.N., Vishnyakova Zh.S., Latynova I.V., Semina M.N., Godukhina E.M.
Organization: Penza State University, Saratov State Medical University
Summary:

Objtctive: to determine the degree of validity of the allocation of traumatic hemothorax as a medical criterion of a qualifying trait in respect of serious harm to health, which is life-threatening. Material and Methods. A retrospective analysis of 130 case histories of the patients of the Department of Thoracic Surgery was carried out at Penza Clinical Hospital n.a. N.N. Burdenko. The sex, age, severity of the patient's condition, the volume of blood in the pleural cavity, complications of hemothorax (GT), the time between trauma and seeking medical help, and other injuries were analyzed. Results. It was found out that among patients with HT men were 4,2 times more than women. HT developed after traumatic exposure to the thorax in patients of both gender groups. Conclusion. The severity of the condition of patients with HT is determined by the volume of blood in the pleural cavity, complications, the presence of concomitant damages, the number of days between receiving an injury and contacting a medical organization. In the formulation of p. 6.1.10 Order No. 194n of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of April 24, 2008, "On the Approval of Medical Criteria for Determining the Severity of Harm to Human Health" we should add the phrase: "...or a severe or medium hemothorax that causes a life threatening condition..." aiming at an objective forensic evaluation of traumatic h e moth о rax.

Keywords: blood volume, forensic medical examination , general condition, hemothorax, life-threatening condition, serious harm

Effectiveness evaluation of application of niosomal gel "Regenerin" in the treatment of chemical burns of cornea

Year: 2017, volume 13 Issue: №2 Pages: 216-220
Heading: Microbiology Article type: Original article
Authors: Bazikov I.A., Botasheva V.S., Kalinkina N.I., Maltsev A.N., Kostyukova N.Yu., Domenyuk D. A.
Organization: Stavropol State Medical University
Summary:

The aim of the work was to study the effectiveness of using the ophthalmic gel "Regenerin" in the treatment of a simulated chemical burn of the cornea in an experiment. Material and Methods. The chemical composition of the drug "Regenerin" was studied by mass spectrometry The regenerative action of the niosomal gel, including low molecular weight peptides extracted from placental cells and encapsulated, was then studied in 40 organisms of 20 rabbits of the chinchilla breed with a 10% solution of caustic soda. The subjects of the study are divided equally into two groups: in the experimental group, the treatment was carried out by applying a gel to the burn surface, the therapy was not performed in the control group. Results. The result of treatment with the "Regenerin" Ophthalmic Gel is a significant reduction in the timing of reparative regeneration in the animals of the experimental group due to increased metabolism and corneal neovascularization processes. Conclusion. The combined effect of these mechanisms, manifested in the arrest of edema, resorption of inflammatory infiltrates, normalization of the integrity of the endothelium, epithelial layer and basal membrane leads to completely restoring the histological structure of the cornea on the seventh day.

Keywords: chemical burns, cornea, gel "Regenerin", treatment

Effectiveness evaluation of application of niosomal gel "Regenerin" in the treatment of chemical burns of cornea

Year: 2017, volume 13 Issue: №2 Pages: 216-220
Heading: Microbiology Article type: Original article
Authors: Bazikov I.A., Botasheva V.S., Kalinkina N.I., Maltsev A.N., Kostyukova N.Yu., Domenyuk D. A.
Organization: Stavropol State Medical University
Summary:

The aim of the work was to study the effectiveness of using the ophthalmic gel "Regenerin" in the treatment of a simulated chemical burn of the cornea in an experiment. Material and Methods. The chemical composition of the drug "Regenerin" was studied by mass spectrometry The regenerative action of the niosomal gel, including low molecular weight peptides extracted from placental cells and encapsulated, was then studied in 40 organisms of 20 rabbits of the chinchilla breed with a 10% solution of caustic soda. The subjects of the study are divided equally into two groups: in the experimental group, the treatment was carried out by applying a gel to the burn surface, the therapy was not performed in the control group. Results. The result of treatment with the "Regenerin" Ophthalmic Gel is a significant reduction in the timing of reparative regeneration in the animals of the experimental group due to increased metabolism and corneal neovascularization processes. Conclusion. The combined effect of these mechanisms, manifested in the arrest of edema, resorption of inflammatory infiltrates, normalization of the integrity of the endothelium, epithelial layer and basal membrane leads to completely restoring the histological structure of the cornea on the seventh day.

Keywords: chemical burns, cornea, gel "Regenerin", treatment

Antimicrobial activity of herbal extracts from Sedum maximum (L.) Hoffm., Sedum telephium L. received by different methods

Year: 2017, volume 13 Issue: №2 Pages: 213-216
Heading: Microbiology Article type: Original article
Authors: Raikova S.V., Durnova N.A., Prikhodko V.V., Nemolyaeva E.K., Plastun V.O.
Organization: Saratov State Medical University
Summary:

The main goal of investigation was antimicrobial activity of herbal extracts from Sedum maximum (L.) Hoffm., Sedum telephium L. received by different methods. Material and Methods. Extractions from the purification of S. maximum (L.) Hoffm. and S. telephium L. obtained by different methods were the object of study. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27835, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Candida albicans ATCC 13108 were used as test cultures. Results. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the investigated flavonoid-containing aqueous solutions of alcohol extracts of the purification were determined for the following test cultures: S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli. Conclusion. The antibacterial effect of the studied extracts on all strains of bacteria taken in the experiment was detected. The action is most pronounced in relation to S. aureus. Antimycotic activity was not detected.

Keywords: antimicrobial activity, flavonoids, herbal extracts

Bones of sutures and fontanelles of a human skull

Year: 2017, volume 13 Issue: №2 Pages: 209-212
Heading: Macro- and Micromorphology Article type: Original article
Authors: Zaichenko А.А., Zhurkin K.l.
Organization: Saratov State Medical University
Summary:

The purpose: to identify patterns of occurrence and formation of bone joints and bones of the human skull fontanelles vault. Material and Methods. 597 male and female skulls with the bones of the anterior and posterior fontanelle, the bones of the coronal, sagittal and lambdoid sutures, including skulls of 9 men and 8 women with skulls bone of anterior fontanelle were studied. The variability of the bone of the anterior fontanelle of 9 skulls of men 19-82 years old and 8 skulls of women 18-86 years old was studied to determine the common factors shaping the skull and unstable bones. The area of the anterior fontanelle bone, as well as its maximum longitudinal and transverse dimensions was measured. The longitudinal and transverse diameters of the skulls with the bones of the anterior fontanel were measured, their transverse-longitudinal index was calculated. Correlation analysis (including the calculation of the index tetrachoric connection and private first-order coefficient of correlation) and analysis of variance were used. Results. The relationship between the presence of bone fontanelles stronger association between bone joints, which suggests more probable existence of a single factor in the occurrence of bone fontanelles than joints of bones. The occurrence of bone fontanelles not connecting with the occurrence of joints of bones (except for weak connection bone anterior fontanelle and bone coronal suture), which may indicate the influence of various factors on their appearance, and therefore the study of non-metric features of the skull to unite the bones of joints and bones of fontanelle area in the same group is not valid. The longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the anterior fontanelle bone is not connected to each other, while the area of the bone is determined, above all, its longitudinal dimension and the value of the back (interparietal) part, due to which, obviously, in the studied tortoises area anterior fontanelle bone increases with dolicho-crania. Conclusion. The relationship between the presence of fontal bones is stronger than the connection between the presence of bone sutures. The origin of the bones of fontanelles is not associated with the appearance of bone seams. The longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the anterior fontanelle bone are not related to each other, and the area correlates mainly with the longitudinal dimension and the size of the posterior (intertemporal) part.

Keywords: bones of fontanelles, bones of sutures, cranial vault

Children's rights when receiving medical care in the Russian Federation

Year: 2017, volume 13 Issue: №2 Pages: 205-208
Heading: Health Service Organization Article type: Review
Authors: Popkov VM, Erugina MV, Vlasova MV, Dolgova EM, Timofeev DA, Abyzova NV, Chernyak MD
Organization: Centre of Medical-Sociological Research, Saratov State Medical University
Summary:

The article presents the legal provisions containing the rights of children and duties of medical workers in providing medical care to children in the Russian Federation. It is shown that these legal provisions set out in the relevant legislative documents do not exist in isolation, but in conjunction with other legal norms, which complicates the possibility of their implementation by medical workers in full. It is stated that special responsibility and the cost of failure in modern conditions require medical staff to use not only professional knowledge, but also legal aspects accompanying their work. This suggests the need to focus attention to the learning process of students and listeners of faculties of improvement of professional skills and professional retraining of specialists of universities on peculiarities of realization of children's rights in providing them medical care.

Keywords: children's rights, health care, out-patient care, patients' rights, public health

Cardioembolic stroke: risk factors, forecast, secondary prevention

Year: 2017, volume 13 Issue: №1 Pages: 187-192
Heading: Neurology Article type: Original article
Authors: Khakhanova O.N., Skorokhodov А.Р., Kutashov V.A., Ulyanova O.V.
Organization: Voronezh Emergency City Hospital №1, Voronezh State Medical University n.a. N.N. Burdenko
Summary:

The goal of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of warfarin and the new direct anticoagulants (xarelto and pradaxa) in the secondary prevention of re-occurrence of cardioembolic stroke (CES). Material and methods. Inclusion criteria of patients in the study: migrated CES, confirmed the presence of a pathology of heart; reception of indirect anticoagulant (warfarin) or direct inhibitors of factor Xa (xarelto, pradaxa) to prevent re-CES. Exclusion criteria from the study: patients with other subtypes of ischemic stroke (IS), hemorrhagic stroke (HS), patients receiving aspirin, diseased patients with CES. The severity of neurological deficit was assessed according to the NIHSS, Rivermead, Rankine and Barthel scales. Results. By the end of the second year of monitoring after suffering CES number of patients with full recovery a self-service increased by 3% and decreased by the same number of patients with moderate and severe dependence on assistance in everyday life. More efficient and faster neurological function was restored in patients taking warfarin is worse in the group of patients receiving pradaxa. However, a second stroke in the first year after suffering several CES were more frequent in the group of patients receiving pradaxa, and usually fatal. Conclusion. Change of medications in the group of patients receiving xarelto and warfarin, other anticoagulants have not led to the emergence of recurrent stroke.

Keywords: cardioembolic stroke, direct and indirect anticoagulants, pradaxa , warfarin, xarelto

Revisiting of etiology, clinical picture and diagnosis of the Kleine-Levin syndrome.

Year: 2017, volume 13 Issue: №1 Pages: 181-187
Heading: Neurology Article type: Case report
Authors: Ulyanova О.V., Kutashov V.A.
Organization: Voronezh State Medical University n.a. N.N. Burdenko
Summary:

Objective: to draw the attention to the Kleine - Levin syndrome (SKL), a rare, poorly understood disease, not only in Russia but throughout the world. We analyzed the case of the 23-year old patient M, with the Kleine — Levin syndrome. SKL belongs to the group of recurrent hypersomnia and is characterized by long bouts of sleep lasting an average of 10-14 days, beginning with the imperative and difficulty awakening. During bouts of sleep observed unusual behavior of patients: hyperphagia; hypersexuality in males; irritability, restlessness, impaired mental activity; aggression; feeling of unreality of it all; confusion, hallucinatory episodes and depression in females. During wakefulness, marked dyspho-ria, emotional stupefaction, loss of memory. The syndrome develops in 4 times more often in men than in women, aged 12-25 years. Etiological factors: brain tumor, head trauma, metabolic disorders, acute infectious diseases with fever. Often the development of the syndrome is preceded by hyperemia and hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction. The article discussed the etiology, diagnosis, and possible combinations of clinical manifestations in SKL.

Keywords: diagnostics, etiology, hyperphagia, hypersexual behavior, recurrent hypersomnia, syndrome of Klein — Levin

Paraneoplastic neurological syndrome: focus on the involvement of the peripheral nervous system

Year: 2017, volume 13 Issue: №1 Pages: 174-180
Heading: Neurology Article type: Review
Authors: Sitkali I.V., Kolokolov O.V.
Organization: Saratov State Medical University
Summary:

The information about epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical heterogeneity of paraneoplastic neurological syndrome is summarized and based on Russian and foreign literature. The main attention is devoted to the affection of peripheral nervous systems in patients with oncological diseases. We report the information about anti-neuronal antibodies associated with paraneoplastic syndrome. The diagnostic criteria of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are presented.

Keywords: antineuronal antibodies, encephalitis , neurotoxicity, paraneoplastic neurological syndrome, polyneuropathy