2013, volume 9

The purpose of the study is to investigate the mechanisms of MMP-7, -13, TIMP-2 and RhoA genes expression in blood cells after ionizing radiation exposure. Material and methods.Ne had examined blood samples from 27 healthy donors, 32 prostate cancer patients before and after radiotherapy, and 32 Chernobyl liquidators by qRT-PCR method. Result. Our results suggests that the expression of MMP-7, MMP-13 genes in prostate cancer patients with grade 2 (T2N0M0). Probably, these changes were associated with the tumor process development, but no with radiation therapy. RhoA level in blood of liquidators was decreased.

Although the basic components of a plethora of mitogenic, pro- and antiapoptotic etc. signaling pathways had been thoroughly studied and summarized during a couple of past decades, the particular pattern of changes for a given cancer patient has not yet been at the focus of a special research until now. Here we suggest the possible method of
the examination of the different malignant processes influencing the intensity of pro- and anti-mitotic signaling. According to our approach, first the tumor sample (that is taken from an individual patient) is studied using mRNA microarray technique, when the expression levels (normalized by the averaged value for the same intact organ/tissue for the same population) for several thousands of genes in the malignant cells is measured. Second, these expression levels are used to calculate the summarized values of pathological changes in mitogenic signaling pathways.

The article presents the biographic data about professor V.A. Pavlov. It concerns his scientific and practical contribution to the development of Russian medical science and organization of Department of Histology in Imperial Nicolas University (Saratov).

The shift in priorities in the system of Russian education, transition from reproductive learning to learner-centered approach, incorporation of competency-based approach into the educational standards of "the third generation" require the training of a competitive specialist with professional competency. Types of competencies are characterized. The competency presenting certain requirements is studied. The mastering of the requirements will enable to train qualified specialists. The quality of education directly influences the level of professional activity through the training of specialists and the development of sciences. Competence-oriented modules approach and adherence to pedagogic requirements in education enables the efficacy of professional training. Innovative techniques and approaches to organizing educational process in their active form stimulate the process of studying.

The article considers advantages and success of profile teaching used in Medical lyceum of Saratov State Medical University n.a. V. I. Razumovsky. Specific curriculum, forms and methods of educational and extracurricular activities, formation of educational and research skills and profile teaching help to follow educational, creative and social requirements, self-determination and self-realization of pupils in the field of natural sciences, to promote the image formation of the future doctor. The article analyses the monitoring system of students' knowledge, the results of the State Total Certification and describes the model of a graduate of lyceum, who is a successful and competitive applicant of the Medical University.

The Purpose of the work is to research siofor influence (metformin) on the activity of the process of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity of blood serum at patients with metabolic syndrome. Material and Methods. 62 patients with metabolic syndrome at the age from 30 till 60 were examined and treated by siofor (1700 mg per day) during a year. The process of lipid peroxidation was studied due to the level of lipid hydroperoxide of blood serum. Antioxidant capacity was based on the antioxidant reaction in the blood serum with definite number of exogenic hydrogen dioxide (mkmole/l) with the method of ELISA. Results. Intensification of process of lipid peroxidation has been observed at patients with metabolic syndrome —the level of lipid hydroperoxide of blood serum has been 2,9 (1,94; 3,9) mkM, antioxidant activity of blood serum has been decreased — 276,4 (239,0; 379,9) mkmole/l. In 12 months of siofor intake hydroperoxide level has been decreased till 1,1 (0,8; 1,9) mkM, but antioxidant activity has been increased and amounted 320,0 (278,9; 334,3) mkmole/l. Conclusion. Siofor has been proved to be a highly effective medicine for correction of process of lipid peroxidation and for improvement of antioxidant activity of blood serum at patients with metabolic syndrome.

Purpose: To study the reasons influencing the treatment of patients. Material and methods: Anonymous questioning of patients with tuberculosis in number of 584 people being on treatment in antituberculosis hospitals, 92 phthisiopul-monologists and 144 therapists of Volgograd was performed. Results: The conducted research testifies that patients with tuberculosis consider that they observe medical recommendations completely in 76,5% of cases, and the opinion of medical workers was completely opposite, only 4,3% of phthisiopulmonologists and 2,8% of therapists. Most doctors were sure that medical recommendations were carried out by only a half of tuberculosis patients, that was told by 54,4% of phthisiopulmonologists and 31,3% of therapists. Conclusion: Commitment formation to treatment at patients with tuberculosis should be carried out taking into account those difficulties and problems which are specified by patients, and also critical evaluation of performance by patients of the medical recommendations influencing the result of treatment. At the solution of medical problems phthisiopulmonologists did not pay enough attention to influence of psychological factors, taking into account available gender, age and educational level of the patient that compels to look for new ways of interaction of phthisiopulmonologists and psychotherapists in development of the individual plan of treatment and rehabilitation of every patient with tuberculosis.

Purpose: to establish efficiency of a range of uric and serum biomarkers of bladder cancer for diagnostics and the prognosis of risk of development of disease recurrence. Material and methods: TPA and TPS, VEGF level research in blood serum, UBC in urine in 176 people, among which 135 patients with bladder cancer (RMP) have been conducted. Group of comparison has included16 patients (patients with cystitis). The control group has been made of 25 almost healthy men. 75 patients had non-muscle invasive RMP (Ta-1N0M0). Results. It has been statistically determined that reliable growth of of TPA, TPS in blood serum and UBC in urine in patients with non-muscle invasive RMP in comparison with patients in groups of control and comparison has been established. The increase of UBC in urine of patients of this group with recurrence of tumoral growth within a year has been noted. In comparison with cytological research of urine sedimentation, molecular markers of RMP (the uric UBC and serum TPA, TPS) possess diagnostic sensitivity, allow to confirm the presence of disease, to carry out diagnostics of stages of organ and extra invasion. RMP is possible to consider as an additional prognostic serum marker increase in the VEGF level in blood serum. Conclusion. Inclusion in diagnostic process in the clinical research of biomarkers showed that identification of NMIRMP increased from 18,1% in 2006 to 55,6% in 2011. The chosen volume of complex treatment allowed to reduce recurrence and lethality in the first two years from 32 to 15,5%.

The aim: to improve the results of treatment of degenerative hip’s diseases in children by means of pathogenetic pattern. Methods and Materials. 56 children with Legg — Calve — Perthes syndrome aged from 4 to 12 years and 20 children of control group without hip’s diseases have been studied. Results. The modern principles of surgical treatment of Legg — Calve — Perthes syndrome in children have been identified. Conclusion. The results of surgical treatment of patients with a different degree of pathological process depending on a type of surgery (osteoplastic surgery, formation of vascularizing autotransplant, varus osteotomy, rotational intertrochanteric osteotomy) have been presented.

The research goal is to investigate age and sex influence on formation of gastroesophageal reflux disease in children with chronic gastroduodenitis. Material and Methods. Features of acidity in esophagus and cardial part of stomach was studied in 175 children aged 4 to 17 years with chronic gastroduodenitis by pH-monitoring. pH-monitoring was carried by «Gastroscan-24». Age and sex characteristics have been identified on examination results. Results. Children of preschool age experience the most unfavorable reflux from the stomach to the esophagus. Boys experience the pathological reflux more severely. Conclusions: Effectiveness of esophageal clearance is lower in children of preschool age. Pathological reflux progresses are more favorably in a standing position, especially in children of preschool age. Pathological reflux occurs more often in the supine position and has a longer and more aggressive course in preschool age boys.