Anatomical and hemodynamic changes in the umbilical cord vascular bed in the intranatal period
Year: 2025, volume 21 Issue: №1 Pages: 94-99
Heading: Anatomy and anthropology Article type: Original article
Authors: Klyavlina M.Yu., Nigmatullin R.T., Rybalko D.Yu., Maslennikov A.V., Kasatkin A.A., Vorontsova N.A.
Organization: Ufa University of Science and Technology, Ufa, Russia, Bashkir State Medical University of the Russian Health Care
Heading: Anatomy and anthropology Article type: Original article
Authors: Klyavlina M.Yu., Nigmatullin R.T., Rybalko D.Yu., Maslennikov A.V., Kasatkin A.A., Vorontsova N.A.
Organization: Ufa University of Science and Technology, Ufa, Russia, Bashkir State Medical University of the Russian Health Care
Summary:
Objective: to analyze anatomical and hemodynamic transformations in the umbilical cord vascular bed during labor using computer modeling of physiological processes and the associated change in the external pressure gradient. Material and methods. The first stage of this work included three-dimensional modeling in Ansys Fluent 2021 of a single straight umbilical artery under external pressure of 120 mmHg. The second stage consisted of 3D modeling of the umbilical vessel organ complex surrounded by fetal mucous connective tissue under similar external pressure. Results. In an isolated straight umbilical artery, when exposed to external pressure, the blood flow velocity increases by 85.5%, intravascular pressure by 38.5%. In three-dimensional modeling of the entire umbilical cord under similar pressure, the blood flow velocity in the umbilical arteries increased by 20%, intravascular pressure increased by 8%. In this case, the blood flow velocity in the umbilical vein increased by 24%, intravascular pressure by 10%. The cross-sectional area of fetal mucous connective tissue, umbilical arteries and vein did not change, despite the external deformation of the umbilical cord, vascular wall and change in the lumen of the vessels. Conclusion. Anatomical and hemodynamic parameters in the umbilical vessels in the intranatal period undergo transformations of varying degrees of severity. These changes consist of an increase in intravascular blood flow velocity and pressure, deformation of the umbilical cord and vascular wall, narrowing of the lumen of the vessels, while maintaining the cross-sectional area of the umbilical cord and its vessels against the background of external pressure.
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