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Using express cytological method for diagnosis of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer patients

Year: 2024, volume 20 Issue: №3 Pages: 269-272
Heading: Surgery Article type: Original article
Authors: Barsukov V.Yu., Zhandarova L.F., Kapralov S.V., Konopatskova O.M., Kalmykova О.A., Volodina N.G., Mescheryakova L.A., Orlova Yu.I., Tomashevskaia L.S.
Organization: Clinical Hospital "RZD-Medicine", Saratov, Penza Institute for Further Training of Physicians — Branch Campus of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Penza Regional Oncology Centre, Saratov State Medical University
Summary:

Objective: to assess the informativity of the use of the rapid cytological method in the study of sentinel lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer. Material and methods. The study involved 46 patients from 30 to 85 years old with verified breast cancer. On the eve of the operation, about 150-200 MBq of the 99 mTc-Nanotope radiopharma-ceutical was peritumorally injected into the parenchyma of the affected mammary gland. After 1.5-2 hours, lymphos-cintigraphy was performed, followed by SPECT/CT, in which sentinel lymph nodes are zualized. The next day after the administration of the radiopharmaceutical, during surgery, sentinel lymph nodes were found using a g-detector. Further, the surgeon removed the node (or nodes) and sent them for express cytological examination. To check the informativity of this method, a comparison was made with the "gold standard" of morphological diagnostics — with histological examination of postoperative material. Results. An express cytological study revealed the presence of metastases in the sentinel lymph nodes in 12 patients, which significantly influenced the further tactics. It was found that the cytological method of the study is not inferior to the histological one, the sensitivity and specificity of the method is 100%. When comparing the results of rapid cytological and planned histological studies, there were no discrepancies in diagnoses by the state of the lymph nodes. Conclusion. Rapid cytological examination of sentinel limphatic nodes informative method for sentinel lymph node detection in breast cancer patients.

Keywords: breast cancer, cytological examination, sentinel lymph nodes

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All articles of the authors: Mescheryakova L.A., Orlova Yu.I., Tomashevskaia L.S. , Volodina N.G.

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