2016, volume 12

The aim of the work is to study the conditions and stereotypes that determine the process of professionalization in the field of phthisiology. The main factors have been analyzed that characterize the situation of ТВ as a public health sphere in Russia. Material and Methods. Applying qualitative research strategy — semi-structured expert interviews. The basis of the study is the expert opinion of practitioners in the field of ТВ: ТВ service specialists of Saratov Region (Regional Clinical ТВ Dispensary in Saratov) and lecturers of the department of Phthisiopulmonology of Saratov State Medical University n.a. V. I. Razumovsky (n=10). Results. The article presents research materials, aimed at identifying the specifics of the basic foundations of national ТВ professionalization. The main factors of vocational choice include a personal interest in the profession, value preferences, information availability, safety and the risk of occupational diseases, the contingent of patients. Conclusion. On the basis of expert opinion the influence of endogenous and exogenous factors to assess ТВ status of the professional medical community, as well as students — physicians in the context of their future professional socialization have been described.

The analysis of normative-legal basis to regulate occupational health risks of medical nursing staff as a part of health services institutionalization (by the example of nurses working with ionizing radiation in oncology service) is presented. It was revealed that transition to a model of social partnership between the state and the employer in the field of occupational safety had a negative impact on practice of health preservation of the analyzed social group, which actually has lost financial compensation for harmful working conditions. The authors point out the necessity to expand state functions in the sphere of health preservation or specifying guarantees for safe working conditions to different categories of medical staff at the level of a specialized federal legislation.

The article presents the analysis of the Russian and foreign literature concerning the main stereotypes about specialists of medical profession. Their short characteristics as well as main reasons of their emergence and estimation of their relevance are given. The impact of such ideas on attitudes of population has been also assessed.

The research goal is to assess on a comparative basis the effects of the infrared low-intensity laser emission with the frequency of 80 Hz and 1500 Hz on the state of microcirculation and peripheral blood circulation among 30 patients with atherosclerosis of the vessels of the lower extremities. Material and Methods. The patients were divided into 2 groups: in the 1st group (15 patients) patients received pulse infrared low-intensity laser radiation with the frequency of 80 Hz; in the 2nd group (15 patients) infrared low-intensity laser radiation with the frequency of 1500 Hz was used. Results. As a result of the conducted investigation, it was found that optimum pulse repetition rate was 80 Hz because more significant changes in the system of microcirculation and peripheral blood circulation among patients with atherosclerosis of the vessels of lower extremities were revealed. Conclusion. The optimal frequency pulse is determined to be 80 Hz.

Purpose: to establish the nature of change of the maintenance of PSA and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in blood serum at patients with prostate diseases. Material and Methods. 72 patients with the level of the general PSA more than 4 ju/ml were examined. The first group of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia with histology conclusion and with benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia of low degree included 29 patients, the second group consisted of 9 patients with prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia of high degree, the third group included 5 patients with the localized prostate cancer, the fourth group consisted of 25 patients with locally advanced prostate cancer, and the fifth group with 6 metastatic prostate cancer patients. Results. At patients with prostate diseases the rise of VEGF level in blood serum occurs with increase of the maintenance of PSA and develops at the precancer stage (the prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia of high degree) and against high concentration of biomarkers of inflammation. Determination of VEGF concentration in blood serum at patients with "a gray zone" of PSA may have clinical value at the personified maintaining of patients with prostate cancer at the stage of pre-biopsy diagnostics. Conclusion. The simultaneous increase of the VEGF content in blood serum and the general PSA at prostate cancer patients is one of characteristics of a progression of tumoral growth.

The aim of the article is to improve the technology of clasp dentures manufacture. Material and Methods. Orthopaedic treatment of 27 patients was conducted using advanced technology of manufacturing clasp dentures at the Department of Prosthetic Dentistry at Samara State Medical University. Results. Conducting the orthopaedic treatment a method of obtaining an impression in prosthetics on implants and teeth, a method of manufacturing clasp denture with locking fasteners and a method of manufacturing a clasp denture with a questionable prognosis of bearing tooth were used. Conclusion. Using the advanced technology of manufacturing clasp denture has solved the problem with unreliable periodontal tissues, loss of a removable part of clasp denture and allowed to improve the quality of obtaining impression from bearing teeth.

The aim: to study clinical and X-ray specifics of chronic generalized periodontitis of women during a postmenopaus-al period determined by mineral bone density. Material and Methods. 80 women having chronic generalized periodontitis during a postmenopausal period were examined using clinical and X-ray research. Material of bone density was taken into consideration. Results. Decrease of hygienic indices of women at postmenopausal period has been found. It depends on the degree of severity of chronic generalized periodontitis. There was a reverse connection of periodon-tal index and mineral density of bone tissues in the 1-st group: — 0.9 (p<0.05), in the 2-nd group: — 0.5 (p<0.05), in the 3-rd group: — 0.79 (p<0.05). Cone-beam computer tomography made possible to find out the initial signs of edge osteoporosis of interdental partitions at the light degree of chronic generalized periodontitis and signs of spot and homogenous osteoporosis of gum bones, osteoporosis of interdental partitions with osteolysis at mild and severe degrees of severity. Conclusion. The clinical researches with cone-beam computer tomography and densitometry have revealed the exact data on the condition of bone tissues. The results have given an opportunity to plan osteotropic therapy and to control the dynamics of the process correctly.

The aim of the article is to present clinical experience of studying the patient with a genetic syndrome of Rubinstein — Taybi at the department of Hospital Pediatrics at Saratov Clinical Hospital n.a. S. R. Mirotvortsev. It is necessary to mention that the described pathology is a rare autosomal dominant disease shown by plural developmental anomalies and determines great attention from the practical point of view.

Objective: to improve diagnosis of latent arterial hypertension by studying the characteristics of hemodynamics and the rigidity of the vascular walls of the arteries in adolescents with this phenomenon. Material and Methods. The study involved 147 children aged 11 to 18 years who did not have heart rhythm disorders, congenital heart defects, endocrine diseases and diseases of the kidneys. They were divided into three groups on the basis of blood pressure values (BP) obtained during three measurements of blood pressure according to the method of N. S. Korotkov and when conducting 24-hours ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Group 1 included children with blood pressure values in the range from 5 to 95 percentile. Group 2 was composed children with masked hypertension (values of office blood pressure in the range from 5 to 95 percentile but indicators of ABPM of blood pressure is greater than 95 percentile). Group 3 included children with stable arterial hypertension (blood pressure values exceeded the 95 percentile). The study was a comparative analysis of the hemodynamic and rigidity (stiffness) of the arteries. Results: Most hemodynamic parameters in children with masked hypertension were higher than in children of group 1. However, these figures were lower than in children with stable arterial hypertension. Among the indicators of the rigidity of the arteries, the most sensitive indicator (dP/dt) max was maximum rate of pressure rise. Children with masked hypertension had increased arterial stiffness, however it was lower than in children with stable arterial hypertension. Conclusion: The use of BPLab monitor with technology Vasotens allows physicians to evaluate the daily profile of arterial pressure, the hemodynamics and stiffness of blood vessels, which is an important step for early diagnostics of latent arterial hypertension in children

Congenital malformations are considered as one of the main causes of mortality and disability in early childhood. Congenital anomalies resulting in serious disorders often accompany pathology of the brain. The results of clinical observation and treatment of the patient with significant malformation of the central nervous system, hereditary hydrocephalus (Dandy — Walker's syndrome) have been presented in the work. The issues on early prenatal diagnosis and correction of this malformation in the neonatal period have been stressed.