2013, volume 9

Molecular markers of destruction of periodontal tissue and alveolar bone belong to the mediators, participating in maintenance of chronic inflammatory process in the clinical attachment. Purpose: To reveal changes of cytokine profile of gingival fluid and proliferative activity of cells of gum at patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases. Material and methods. Immunohistochemical research of biopsy gum material of 70 patients with periodontal disease with monoclonal antibodies: Ki-67 (marker of proliferative activity of cells), Bcl-2 (apoptosis marker); method of the solid-phase immunofermental analysis for level definition interleukin -6, 10, 12, 18 in gingival fluid (about — and anti-inflammatory markers). Results. It is shown that level definition of cytokines in gingival fluid allows to monitor the activity of the inflammatory process in the periodontal tissues, and the morphometric analysis of periodontal cells reflects degree of its weight. Conclusion. The use of molecular markers in inspection of patients with periodontal disease is the informative method, allowing to predict development and course of chronic periodontal disease.

The aim of the research was the study of the cell proliferation indices of the gum epithelial cells in patients with parodentium inflammatory diseases accompanied by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Material and methods. 160 patients were examined, 60 patients with parodentium inflammatory diseases accompanied by NEGERD, 40 patients with parodentium inflammatory diseases accompanied by GERD. The comparison groups consisted of 40 patients with diseases of parodentium without esophagus pathology and 20 healthy persons. Results. On the basis of the conducted clinical-endoscopic, immune-histological and morphological examinations it was established that gingivitis and periodontitis are successive stages of disturbance of the cellular homeostasis of gum epithelial cells. Conclusion. The enhancement of the processes of proliferation and apoptosis promotes the progression of the structural alterations in the tissues of parodentium and oesophagus and may serve as additional diagnostic and prognostic criteria of the diseases of parodentium accompanied by GERD.

Objective: to study the qualitative and quantitative composition of microflora in the root canals of teeth in the treatment of patients with chronic apical periodontitis. Material and methods. The efficiency of the treatment of chronic apical periodontitis was determined in two groups of patients: the main group 1 (18 persons) and comparison group 2 (11 persons), by examining culture-biochemical properties of the contents of the teeth root canal (RC), the concentration of total protein and leukocyte. For endodontic treatment in group 1 the «Radent» was used and in group 2 was used «Krezodent.» Results. In group 1 suppression of anaerobic microorganisms was found and the reduce of occurrence of streptococci, the growth of Candida, Enterobacterium and Corynebacterium did not detected. In group 2, rising Candida, pyogenic streptococci, staphylococci and anaerobic microorganisms was found. The concentration of total protein and white blood cells in teeth RC contents in groupl decreased significantly and in group 2 contents did not change. Conclusion. The pathological process in the periodontium under chronic apical periodontitis supported predominantly coccal and anaerobic microflora, with exacerbation prevail streptococci, Neisseria and enterobacteria. Inflammation of the periodont supports leukocyte cells that synthesize the protein molecules. «Radent» has a strong antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effect.

The purpose: to determine the most effective method and sequence of polishing systems to achieve the effect of «dry light» of the final restoration ofthevestibular surface of the incisors and molars chewing surface of the hybrid light-cured composite materials. Material and methods. Material for polishing for the restoration divided into three groups: 1. Grinding discs — firm TOR VM with three types of grit: coarse, medium, soft and super soft, firm 3M ESPE «Sof-Lex» ultrafine polishing wheels and contoured 2. Silicone heads — polished Enhens, Dentsply, polishers EVE. 3. Polishing brushes Jiffy Regular Brushes, Ultradent; nylon brush prevention. Results. The best way to give effect to the «dry light» was the next sequence of the materials: polished Enhens, Dentsply, ultrafine polishing wheels of orange and yellow 3M ESPE «Sof-Lex», polishing brush Jiffy Regular Brushes, Ultradent. The best effect of polishing brushes obtained by using it in complex with polishing paste. Polishing process with all of the materials was performed with water. Conclusion: When polishing the vestibular surface of incisors and the occlusal surface of molars it is necessary to consider the saving of macrorelief of restoration or the need to remove excess material, without affecting areas of natural tooth tissue, which should be used or exclude certain types of abrasive polishing materials.

The purpose of the article is to identify patterns of change in the properties of biocompatible coatings during modernization of its structure by changing the morphology and crystallinity of the starting powder particles of hydroxyapatite (HA) for agglomeration and subsequent grinding. Material and methods. We investigated the morphology, degree of crystallinity and internal tension in HA powder with a particle size of 40-90 microns in the initial state and after the agglomeration process and structure piasmasprayed HA coatings application methods ray analysis (XRF and XRD) on DRON-3, infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR spectrometer Nicolet 6700), optical (MIM-8) and atomic force microscopy (SMM-2000), the laser microprobe (Spectrum 2000). Results: It was shown that change in particle morphology HA agglomerated and subsequently grinding increases the uniformity of the porous structure, its crystallinity, reduce internal stresses developing surface morphology of the coating and its nanostructuring. Conclusion. It is recommended for the improvement of characteristics of the porous structure (uniformity, strength, adhesion), and the surface morphology of implant to use agglomerating starting powders and their subsequent grinding.

Aim of the investigation: to improve prophylaxis of dental complications during the therapy in the patients with locally extended cancer of oral cavity mucus. Materials and methods. Results of sanation of oral cavity in 320 patients with cancer of oral and pharyngeal areas have been analyzed. Results. The best results have been marked in the patients who experienced surgical sanation before chemo-radial therapy. Most complications have been observed when teeth were extracted after the chemical therapy during the period of radial therapy at focal dose of above 20 Gy as well as in the late periods after the radial therapy. Conclusion: A complex of preventive measures with the use of haemostatic sponge with canamycin in such patients has decreased a number of complications and the terms of healing of alveoli of extracted teeth.

Knowledge of the nature and duration of the violations of adaptive-compensatory reactions of the periodontium depending on the physico-chemical properties of endosealers is an important part of endodontic treatment. The aim is to reveal the conditions of the experiment peculiarities of morphological changes of periodontal tissue in direct contact with the main filling material for root canal. Material and methods. The traditional method of obturation by modern endosealers was used to seal the root canal of teeth of experimental animal. Results of the study demonstrated the bio-compatibility of new experimental material Real Seal. Conclusion. The data obtained justify a differentiated approach to the choice of the root filling material for teeth with a healthy periodontosis.

The article deals with topical issues of development, production and application of modern biocompatible materials and coatings based on them to clinical practice. Particular attention is paid to the intraosseous dental implants, which considered to be the most popular and well established methods to address the defects of dentition with partial and fully edentulous state.

The aim of the work is to study clinical and immunological features of oral cavity state and cytokine status of oral fluid in patients with lymphomas before treatment against the background of receiving cytostatic drugs. Material and methods. 50 patients with initial diagnosis of lymphoma were examined. We measured clinical indicators of oral cavity state. The quantitative measures of immunoglobulins, lysozyme activity, cytokine status were investigated in patients with lymphoma. Results. The pathological changes in the mucous membrane, the current active inflammatory process in parodentium, high intensity decay, as well as abnormalities in the local reactivity system and cytokine disbalance were revealed. Conclusion. The performed dental studies proved the fact, that before treatment has been applied the patients have already had complicated dental status and marked imbalance in the local immune system of oral cavity. When polychemotherapy has been applied certain intensification of mucosal immunity abnormalities has appeared. It was determined by intensification of clinical symptoms in oral cavity.

Purpose: to study the frequency of occurrence of various traumatic injuries of the maxillofacial region. Material and Methods. The records of patients who were treated in the maxillofacial department, in the period from 2008 to 2012 were studied. Results. The number of patients with traumatic injuries of the maxillofacial region forthe period amounted to 38% of the total number of hospitalized patients. The average age of patients with maxillofacial trauma is 27.5 years.
The ratio of male and female patients during the study period did not change (men 89%, women — 11 %). Single fractures that do not require surgical treatment were dominated. Operating activities during the study period of fracture increased. For 5 years, the number of complications of traumatic injuries remained the same. Conclusion. Statistical analysis of traumatic injuries of the maxillofacial region shows that the average age of the patients decreased by almost 5 years, reduced average hospital stay. Most of the patients were admitted to the profile department in the early period (up to 3 days after preparation), but 21.6% of the patients were received only with the development of complications. The article concludes that there is a need to find new methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of complications of traumatic injuries.