2013, volume 9

The purpose of the study: rationalization of selecting of the method of immobilization of the fragments of the mandible in patients with fractures, combined with chronic generalized periodontitis. Material and Methods. There were 70 patients with mandibular fractures in combination with chronic generalized periodontitis who underwent immobilization of the mandible in various ways. Clinical examination of common cytokines and Cross laps of the contents of periodontal pockets have been carried out. The results revealed that patients in the orthopedic treatment of the dynamics observed progression of inflammatory-destructive processes. When immobilization of the mandible with intermaxillary fixation on the titanium screws and the surgical method of treating inflammation at periodontal pockets cropped. Conclusion. Considering inflammatory complications of mandibular fractures in patients who have used the intermaxillary fixation screws in titanium, it has been found out that this method is more optimal.

Pathogenesis of oral hygiene, smoking, gestosis, immunosuppression and cytokine disbalance affect inflammatory periodontal diseases in pregnant women. The research goal is to study clinical and immunological features of parodentium and cytokine profile in oral cavity of pregnant women. Material and methods: The condition of parodentium tissues was studied at 240 women with physiological pregnancy and 360 with pregnancy complicadet by gestosis. Re-sults: Freguency and character of inflammatory periodontal diseases in pregnancy were defined. Immune and cytokine disbalance contributed greatly to pathogenesis of inflammatory periodontal diseases at pregnant women. Conclusion: Violations of immune homeostasis at the pregnancy, complicated gestosis, authentically are more expressed that contributes to the development of gingivitis and periodontal disease. The imbalance of cytokines can serve in oral liquid as additional diagnostic and predictive marker of severity of a course of inflammatory periodontal disease.

The objective of the study is to develop an algorithm for determining the correlation between tooth size, dental arch parameters and the craniofacial complex. Material and methods. 178 patients with physiological occlusion of permanent teeth and neutral type of jaw growth were examined to determine the correlation between tooth size, dental arch parameters and craniofacial complex. Correlation between tooth size and dental arch parameters was determined based on the relationship of the major dental arch parameters and the size of 12 teeth including first molars, premo-lars, canines and incisors, as well as the width of the face between zygomatic points and the distance between lateral surfaces of the wings of the nose. Results. The algorithm is based on the dentofacial index (D. F. I.), calculated as the percentage ratio of the sum of four incisors to facial width. Conclusions. In patients with mesodontism and physiologic occlusion of permanent teeth the dentofacial indexwas23.5%±1.5%. An increase in the dentofacial index up to 25.1% was indicative of individual macrodontia of four upper anterior teeth. The value below 21.9% indicated individual micro-dontia of four upper anterior teeth. The correlation between individual teeth of different types and compared the size of teeth in certain segments and dental arch parameters has been evaluated.

The article presents the literature review of modern methods of diagnosis of oral diseases in the application of nonremovable orthodontic apparatus.

Aim. To study the clinical anti-inflammatory effect of gel form 8% ascorbate chitozan in treatment of inflammatory periodontal disease. Material and methods. The study included 30 patients: 10 patients with chronic catarrhal gingivitis, 10 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis mild and 10 moderate. Criteria for inclusion of patients in the study: age between 18 and 45 years old, reliable diagnosis, informed consent of the patient. Case history of the disease duration from one to five years. The state of periodontal tissue was evaluated clinically and radiographically by intraoral radiography. According to treatment methods patients were divided into groups: group 1 underwent traditional treatment, group 2 was treated with the use of applications of 8% of ascorbate chitosan on the area of papillae and marginal gingiva with the capture of 1-2 cm of the mucous membrane of the alveolar process. The duration of treatment was 15 minutes daily for 10 days. Results. The patterns suggest that the therapeutic effect of ascorbate chitazan caused prolonged sanation of periodontal pockets due to the antibacterial activity of chitazan. Conclusion. The data show that regeneration in patients who have a combined treatment included ascorbate chitosan has been more rapid and complete than similar processes in periodontal patients treated in a traditional way.

Objective/Jo optimize the planning of design of non-removable bridge in the anterior upper teeth. Material/ Instrument for measuring the angle of inclination of the front palatal vault and angles of palatal surfaces of the front teeth. To improve the functional properties of bridges modeling of the intermediate part of the body was carried out by bridge engineering Ovate Pontic. The nature of the fit, the position and shape of the intermediate bridge of frontal portion of the upper jaw were also studied. Results: It has been found that the slope of the palatine anterior facets varied from 34° to 55°. Data were obtained by odontometry of central, lateral incisors and canines of the upper jaw. Conclusion/The angle of the front facet of the palatine teeth equals the angle of inclination of the middle third of the anterior palatal vault, the body of the prosthesis should move smoothly into the line of the anterior palatal vault, passing in each restored tooth.

All systems of the human body are closely interconnected among themselves. The endocrine system directly influences formation, development and functioning of oral system. There is a close interrelation of endocrine disturbances with oral diseases. Clinical signs of dysfunction of glands of internal secretion firstly appear in the oral cavity. The knowledge of clinical symptoms, features of the course of diseases of internal secretion in the oral cavity will allow to diagnose and therefore, to prevent development of many complications: generalized periodontal disease, caries, osteoporosis of bone tissue and other diseases influencing quality of the oral system.

The research goal was to determine the variability in the salivary characteristics, depending on the season, identifying the most important indicators of the salivary characteristics at different degrees of intensity of caries process and the establishment of a correlation between these indicators. Structural characteristics of salivary pools of the students of stomatological faculty have been invented. Object of research. The salivary pools were collected at 8-9 a.m. within 1-1.5 hours after tooth cleaning. The investigation of oral cavity and the biochemical rates were marked twice: in autumn and spring. Results. The tests show, that biochemical characteristics of saliva depend on the caries involvement. It was detected, that caries involvement depends on the region, food characteristics and oral hygiene. It was proved, that saliva has buffers characteristics. Conclusion. These results can be used for explaining the molecular mechanisms of homeostasis disorders in the oral cavity and evaluating the efficiency of preventive and therapeutic measures at early stages of caries.

The article concerns the main points of the organization and development of Stomatologic faculty. It was organized in 1988. Scientific stomatologic school in Saratov Medical University n.a. V. I. Razumovsky has been formed by the period of 25 years. A number of professionals in the sphere of scientific and practicing stomatology have been prepared.

The article presents the data concerned biography of professor N. M. Kakushkin. His scientific and practical contribution to the development of native medical science and organization of department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Imperial Nicolas University (Saratov) have been outlined in the article.