№2, 2017, volume 13

The review presents literature data on the catamnesis of children born with extremely low and very low weight, identification of the most common pathological conditions, of the incidence rate and the main causes of disability in childhood, the rationale for the need for early initiation of rehabilitation actions aimed at preventing and correction of these conditions. The article highlights difficulties in assessment of physical and neuropsychological development of deeply premature babies, related to the heterogeneity of contingent of the children being surveyed and the difference in the tests used to determine these parameters. It was noted that for a comprehensive assessment of their health they also need to determine quality of life using the developed scales. The author substantiated the need to improve the system of medical support for such children at all phases of nursing and rehabilitation process and perforce to introduce a personal approach with differentiated programs of medical examination and rehabilitation in the wide practice.

Purpose: to improve the diagnosis of relapse and metastasis of breast cancer in the postoperative period. Material and methods. 123 women were examined. Of these, 30 practically healthy women made up a control group, 20 women had benign breast diseases, 73 had breast cancer. The patients with ВС before the surgical intervention were divided into groups according to the stage of the disease. The 1st group consisted of 30 practically healthy women. In the second group — 20 women with fibroadenomas of the breast. In the third group — 33 women with l-ll stages of breast cancer without regional metastases. The 4th group consisted of 22 women with stage II breast cancer with regional metastases, in the 5th group — 18 patients with stage III breast cancer. After surgery, 68 patients were re-examined and divided into 2 analytical groups. The 6th group included women without clinical manifestations of relapses and metastases in the postoperative period — 44 (64.7%). Group 7 consisted of 24 (35.3%) women who had metastasis and local recurrences of the disease in the postoperative period. To determine the content of fetal proteins (Ca-15-3, Ca-125, REA), IL-8 and VEGF, commercial sets of reagents for solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used. Results. Analysis of the data obtained showed that the most significant increase in serum and plasma VEGF levels occurred in breast cancer patients with clinical signs of metastasis and recurrence of the disease. Of fetal proteins, a significant increase in blood content showed Ca15-3 and CEA. Conclusion. We can assume that in patients with breast cancer only in the postoperative period, the rise in VEGF was associated with the growth of tumor tissue and the development of invasion and metastasis.

Purpose: to study the structure of heart defects in pregnant women, the features of the medico-social portrait, the course of pregnancy and perinatal outcomes in patients with heart defects in the light of pathomorphosis. Material and Methods. A retrospective clinical and anamnestic analysis of the medical documentation of 165 patients delivered in the maternity hospital of the Municipal Health Care Institution of the City Clinical Hospital No. 6 in Chelyabinsk in 1991-1994 was conducted, (group 1)and a prospective cohort study of 168 patients who were delivered to this hospital between 2011 and 2014 (group 2) in accordance with a modified WHO classification for assessing the risk of cardiovascular complications for the mother and offspring, the characteristics of the medico-social portrait, The course of pregnancy and perinatal outcomes in patients with heart defects in the light of the doctrine of pathomorphosis. Results. It is established that over the past 20 years, there have been significant changes in the structure of heart diseases, the medical and social characteristics of patients with this disease, complications of gestation, which must be taken into account when choosing the optimal tactics for pregravid preparation, pregnancy in women with heart defects. Conclusion. The significant changes in the structure and frequency of heart defects observed in modern pregnant women with heart defects, in the features of the medical and social portrait of these patients, and also during pregnancy, childbirth and perinatal outcomes, can be treated as pathomorphosis in the clinical (narrow) sense.

The aim of the article is to study the dynamics of indices of systemic inflammation in correlation with the following factors: the outcome of the disease, disturbances in proinflammatory cytokines rate and vascular endothelial dysfunction markers rate at burn injury in dynamics. Material and Methods. 152 patients with burn injuries over 30 units by Frank's index were under the study. The research on the level of interleukins, endothelial vessels growth factor, macrophage chemotactic protein, level of endothelin and C-reactive protein was performed with quantitative immuno-enzymatic detection. The amount of circulating of desquamated endothelial cells was accounted by phase-contrast microscopy. Results. Proinflammatory cytokines rate and vascular endothelial dysfunction markers rate significantly increase reaching their maximum indices to the 7-15th day of burn injury and indicating the expressiveness of systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Conclusion. The received data have become important in the determination of increased number of criteria of systemic inflammatory response syndrome depending on the outcomes of the burn injury and endothelial dysfunction development.

Aim: to study the regional pharmaceutical market of oral antidiabetic drugs for 2013-2016 according to the example of the pharmacy network of "Yuniver" (Arkhangelsk), not realizing the program of preferential home. Material and Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of reports on the movement of goods in "Yuniver OOO "for the period from 2013 to 2016 were analyzed range of oral antidiabetic drugs on international nonproprietary names, and trade names, dynamic oral antidiabetic drugs sales (number of dispensed packages). Results. On the basis of data on the movement of goods showed an annual expansion of assortment of oral antidiabetic drugs in the pharmacy network, not realizing the program of preferential home. Conclusion. The assortment of oral hypoglycemic preparations on the example of a pharmacy network that does not realize a program of preferential leave for people with diabetes mellitus testifies to the use of modern medicines that prevent the occurrence of microcirculatory disorders of target organs included in the list of vital and essential drugs and in accordance with clinical recommendations on therapy this pathology.

Objtctive: to determine the degree of validity of the allocation of traumatic hemothorax as a medical criterion of a qualifying trait in respect of serious harm to health, which is life-threatening. Material and Methods. A retrospective analysis of 130 case histories of the patients of the Department of Thoracic Surgery was carried out at Penza Clinical Hospital n.a. N.N. Burdenko. The sex, age, severity of the patient's condition, the volume of blood in the pleural cavity, complications of hemothorax (GT), the time between trauma and seeking medical help, and other injuries were analyzed. Results. It was found out that among patients with HT men were 4,2 times more than women. HT developed after traumatic exposure to the thorax in patients of both gender groups. Conclusion. The severity of the condition of patients with HT is determined by the volume of blood in the pleural cavity, complications, the presence of concomitant damages, the number of days between receiving an injury and contacting a medical organization. In the formulation of p. 6.1.10 Order No. 194n of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of April 24, 2008, "On the Approval of Medical Criteria for Determining the Severity of Harm to Human Health" we should add the phrase: "...or a severe or medium hemothorax that causes a life threatening condition..." aiming at an objective forensic evaluation of traumatic h e moth о rax.

The aim of the work was to study the effectiveness of using the ophthalmic gel "Regenerin" in the treatment of a simulated chemical burn of the cornea in an experiment. Material and Methods. The chemical composition of the drug "Regenerin" was studied by mass spectrometry The regenerative action of the niosomal gel, including low molecular weight peptides extracted from placental cells and encapsulated, was then studied in 40 organisms of 20 rabbits of the chinchilla breed with a 10% solution of caustic soda. The subjects of the study are divided equally into two groups: in the experimental group, the treatment was carried out by applying a gel to the burn surface, the therapy was not performed in the control group. Results. The result of treatment with the "Regenerin" Ophthalmic Gel is a significant reduction in the timing of reparative regeneration in the animals of the experimental group due to increased metabolism and corneal neovascularization processes. Conclusion. The combined effect of these mechanisms, manifested in the arrest of edema, resorption of inflammatory infiltrates, normalization of the integrity of the endothelium, epithelial layer and basal membrane leads to completely restoring the histological structure of the cornea on the seventh day.

The aim of the work was to study the effectiveness of using the ophthalmic gel "Regenerin" in the treatment of a simulated chemical burn of the cornea in an experiment. Material and Methods. The chemical composition of the drug "Regenerin" was studied by mass spectrometry The regenerative action of the niosomal gel, including low molecular weight peptides extracted from placental cells and encapsulated, was then studied in 40 organisms of 20 rabbits of the chinchilla breed with a 10% solution of caustic soda. The subjects of the study are divided equally into two groups: in the experimental group, the treatment was carried out by applying a gel to the burn surface, the therapy was not performed in the control group. Results. The result of treatment with the "Regenerin" Ophthalmic Gel is a significant reduction in the timing of reparative regeneration in the animals of the experimental group due to increased metabolism and corneal neovascularization processes. Conclusion. The combined effect of these mechanisms, manifested in the arrest of edema, resorption of inflammatory infiltrates, normalization of the integrity of the endothelium, epithelial layer and basal membrane leads to completely restoring the histological structure of the cornea on the seventh day.

The main goal of investigation was antimicrobial activity of herbal extracts from Sedum maximum (L.) Hoffm., Sedum telephium L. received by different methods. Material and Methods. Extractions from the purification of S. maximum (L.) Hoffm. and S. telephium L. obtained by different methods were the object of study. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27835, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Candida albicans ATCC 13108 were used as test cultures. Results. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the investigated flavonoid-containing aqueous solutions of alcohol extracts of the purification were determined for the following test cultures: S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli. Conclusion. The antibacterial effect of the studied extracts on all strains of bacteria taken in the experiment was detected. The action is most pronounced in relation to S. aureus. Antimycotic activity was not detected.

The purpose: to identify patterns of occurrence and formation of bone joints and bones of the human skull fontanelles vault. Material and Methods. 597 male and female skulls with the bones of the anterior and posterior fontanelle, the bones of the coronal, sagittal and lambdoid sutures, including skulls of 9 men and 8 women with skulls bone of anterior fontanelle were studied. The variability of the bone of the anterior fontanelle of 9 skulls of men 19-82 years old and 8 skulls of women 18-86 years old was studied to determine the common factors shaping the skull and unstable bones. The area of the anterior fontanelle bone, as well as its maximum longitudinal and transverse dimensions was measured. The longitudinal and transverse diameters of the skulls with the bones of the anterior fontanel were measured, their transverse-longitudinal index was calculated. Correlation analysis (including the calculation of the index tetrachoric connection and private first-order coefficient of correlation) and analysis of variance were used. Results. The relationship between the presence of bone fontanelles stronger association between bone joints, which suggests more probable existence of a single factor in the occurrence of bone fontanelles than joints of bones. The occurrence of bone fontanelles not connecting with the occurrence of joints of bones (except for weak connection bone anterior fontanelle and bone coronal suture), which may indicate the influence of various factors on their appearance, and therefore the study of non-metric features of the skull to unite the bones of joints and bones of fontanelle area in the same group is not valid. The longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the anterior fontanelle bone is not connected to each other, while the area of the bone is determined, above all, its longitudinal dimension and the value of the back (interparietal) part, due to which, obviously, in the studied tortoises area anterior fontanelle bone increases with dolicho-crania. Conclusion. The relationship between the presence of fontal bones is stronger than the connection between the presence of bone sutures. The origin of the bones of fontanelles is not associated with the appearance of bone seams. The longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the anterior fontanelle bone are not related to each other, and the area correlates mainly with the longitudinal dimension and the size of the posterior (intertemporal) part.