2013, volume 9

Research objective: The study investigates the antifibrotic nephroprotective effects of aliskiren on the condition of renal hemodynamics, changes of profibrotic cytokines level and markers of renal damage in patients with nephrolithiasis undergone various types of surgery. Materials and methods: Patients have been divided into 2 groups. The investigations have been performed before the surgery and in a month period. Concentrations of TGF-p, markers of acute renal tubulointerstitial damage — NGAL and p2-microglobulin in urine, levels of ET-1 in serum and indicator of endothelial dysfunction have been determined. Assessment of renal blood flow state by Doppler ultrasonography has been carried out in the same terms. Results: As a result of aliskiren treatment the decrease of mediators of tubulointerstitial damage and nephrofibrosis, significant improvement in renal blood flow in a month period after the surgery have been marked in comparison with the group which had not received nephroprotective therapy. Conclusion: Direct renin inhibitor aliskiren may be used as a means of renal protection therapy in treatment of patients with nephrolithiasis.

Research objective: To study the role of prognostic factors in the estimation of risk development of recurrent prostate cancer after treatment by high-intensive focused ultrasound (HIUF). Objects and Research Methods: The research has included 102 patients with morphologically revealed localized prostate cancer by biopsy. They have been on treatment in Clinic of Urology of the Saratov Clinical Hospital n.a. S. R. Mirotvortsev. 102 sessions of initial operative treatment of prostate cancer by the method of HIFU have been performed. The general group of patients (n=102) has been subdivided by the method of casual distribution into two samples: group of patients with absent recurrent tumor and group of patients with the revealed recurrent tumor, by morphological research of biopsy material of residual prostate tissue after HIFU. The computer program has been used to study the signs of outcome of patients with prostate cancer. Results: Risk of development of recurrent prostate cancer has grown with the PSA level raise and its density. The index of positive biopsy columns <0,2 has shown the recurrence of prostate cancer in 17% cases while occurrence of prostate cancer in 59% cases has been determined by the index of 0,5 and higher. The tendency to obvious growth of number of relapses has been revealed by the sum of Glison raise with present perineural invasion. Cases of recurrent prostate cancer have been predominant in patients with lymphovascular invasions. In conclusion it has been worked out that the main signs of recurrent prostate cancer development may include: PSA, PSA density, the sum of Glison, lymphovascular invasion, invasion.

In Russia there are no unified approved criteria for diagnosing sepsis, and this fact complicating registration and statistical recording of its development and spread. Sepsis registration in neonatology is more difficult. The infection as a death-causing factor in full-terms newborns has been increasing for the last 10 years, even though there is the registration system, and its size is 0,51-0,60 per 1000 newborns. Early neonatal sepsis is characterized by intrauterine particularly intranatal ascending, contact or hematogenous infecting. We have analyzed the course of antenatal, intra-natal and neonatal periods in babies with congenital sepsis. To diagnose neonatal sepsis in clinical presentation of the disease three groups of criteria directly correlating with sepsis have been revealed.

Цель: на основе сопоставления показателей выявляемое™ различных нозологии «школьной» патологии у детей, начавших образование в разном возрасте, оценить состояние здоровья в течение всего 10-летнего периода обучения. Материал и методы. В исследование включены 437 детей, разделенных на группы: первую группу составили школьники, начавшие обучение в возрасте 6 лет (п=135), вторую группу — в возрасте 7 лет (п=274), третью — 8 лет (п=28). Результаты. Формирование «школьной» патологии с наибольшей частотой встречается в группе детей, которые начали обучение с 6- и 8-летнего возраста, доказан рост числа заболеваний костно-мышечной системы и органа зрения к окончанию 10-летнего образования. Заключение. Процент здоровых детей, не имеющих проявлений рассматриваемой «школьной» патологии в процессе школьного обучения, сокращается. Требуется поиск новых путей сохранности здоровья молодого поколения и создания благоприятных условий для комфортного самочувствия ребенка в школе

Purpose: The features and results of the surgical treatment of idiopathic macular holes with application of modern microinvasive 25+ Gauge chromovitrectomy and endovitriol dye BrilliantBlue G have been studied in the article. Materials and methods: The surgical treatment of 45 patients with macular holes aged 58,4 +/-10,3 years has been performed. Results: Microinvasive 25+Gauge chromovitrectomy with application of endovitriol dye BrilliantBlueG allows to achieve high anatomic and functional results in treatment of idiopathic macular holes in the early and remote periods of supervision. Intraoperative and postoperative complications have been analyzed with anatomic and functional results. Conclusion: It has been revealed that modern microinvasive 25+ Gauge chromovitrectomy with application of endovitriol dye BrilliantBlueG makes the surgery easier and more effective.

The aim of the study is to assess the condition of balance function in patients with different diseases. Materials and methods: The study has been performed on 82 patients divided into the following groups: patients with Menier»s disease, with multiple sclerosis, chronic cerebral ischemia, and persons without pathology of balance function, which have composed the comparison group. Statistical evaluation of video stabilometric data of patients in these groups has been performed. Results: Reliable differences between stabilometric parameters in patients with disorder of balance function and patients of comparison group have been revealed. Conclusion: Video stabilometry may be applied as an objective method for evaluation of balance function in order to detect different pathological states.

The article discusses one of the problems of oncology — skin melanoma. The research objective is to study and to compare diagnostic methods of preinvasive melanoma including fluorescence diagnosis, dermatoscopy and microwave radiometry. Materials and Methods: The survey has used dermatoscope of Heine Delta 20 Company, the unit RTM-01-RES and the instrument of fluorescent diagnostics «Spectrum-Cluster.» The results suggest the possibility of early detection of melanoma with the use of dermatoscopy. The method may be applied to radiometry screening study. Fluorescence diagnostics is effective for the differential diagnosis of melanoma and melanocytic nevi. In conclusion it has been proved the need for an integrated approach to the diagnostics of melanoma of skin, depending on the different clinical situations.

Purpose: to improve the treatment results of patients with complicated injuries of the cervical spine on the basis of an hourly study of the reaction of the hemostatic system after the application of hyperbaric oxygenation. Materials and Methods. The subject of the study were 12 patients with complicated closed cervical spine trauma. In the study group characteristics were studied hourly reaction of the hemostatic system during treatment with hyperbaric oxygenation. Results. Found that patients with traumatic spinal cord disease, changes in the hemostatic system in the form of a coherent structural and phase changes in the structural chronometric anticoagulation and chronometric hypercoagula-bility, activation and inhibition of fibrinolysis, and reduced the extent of time and the overall rate of platelet aggregation. Conclusion. Under the influence of hyperbaric oxygenation in patients with traumatic spinal cord disease arise adaptive changes in the regulation of blood aggregation.

The aim of the article is to study the relation of chronic heart failure, cognitive disturbances and changes in white matter of brain. Material et methods: Cognitive tests, echocardiography, MRI of brain and measurement of NT-proBNP in venous blood have been performed in 57 patients with l-IV functional class of chronic heart failure. Program STATISTICA 7 (methods of nonparametric correlation analysis) has been used to assess the results. Results: It has been established that during the increase of severity of CHF decrease in the thickness of medium-sized peduncles of cerebellum and the changes of coefficients of diffusion of water molecules in white matter have been marked. Conclusions: On the basis of these findings it has been determined that CHF is an independent cause of micromorphological brain damage and later the progressive atrophy of white matter. It clearly shows that the cerebral changes cause cognitive dysfunction.

Purpose. The purpose of the work is an investigation of biophysical properties of liquors of patients with a craniocereberal trauma. This investigation has been directed on definition of a degree of a brain defeat, the forecast of the further current of disease and development of methods treatment. Materials and methods. Liquor was undertaken from 62 patients with the diagnosis of an craniocereberal trauma. Research of thermo-impedancemetry of liquors was made with the help of equipment for measurement of temperature dependence of an electric impedance of ditches with a researched liquid. On the -shaped site?function of dependence of a full impedance from temperature the was observed. This site is due to globule-ball phase transition in liquor albumens. Result. It is shown, that numerical values of parameters of phase transition correlate with albumen concentration in liquor. Values of correlation factors are directly proportional to concentration of albumen. Conclusion. It is established, that numerical values of thermo-impedancemetry parameters of curves are directly connected to a degree of a brain defeat and can be used as diagnostic and prognostic criteria.