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Deep anterior keratoplasty in the treatment of keratoconus

Year: 2020, volume 16 Issue: №2 Pages: 619-623
Heading: Ophtalmology Article type: Original article
Authors: Lev I.V., Fabrikantov O.L.
Organization: S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Tambov State University n. a. G.R. Derzhavin
Summary:

The purpose of the study is to estimate the results of deep anterior keratoplasty in the treatment of keratoconus during the period of time from 2016 to 2020 based on Tambov branch data. Material and Methods. The main group included 26 patients (28 eyes) diagnosed with III-IV degree keratoconus and undergone deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK). The control group included 11 patients (12 eyes) with penetrating keratoplasty (PK). All patients underwent ophthalmologic examination before and after surgery, including routine and special (keratotopography, keratopachym-etry, endothelial biomicroscopy) methods of examination. Results. The prevalence of keratoconus in Tambov region is 0.59%, moreover keratoconus occurs in men 2 times more often than in women. Transparent engraftment of the transparent cornea was obtained in 100% of DALKs and only in 84% of PKs. In the group of patients with PK all changes in corrected visual acuity were statistically insignificant, while in the group of patients with DALK they were significant at all stages of examination. One year after surgery the corrected visual acuity was 0.64±0.23 and 0.57±0.27 in the main and control groups correspondingly (p<0.05). The endothelial cell loss one year after surgery was 10.5 and 5.1% following DALR and PK correspondingly (p<0.05). Conclusion. The analysis of DALK and PK outcomes in patients with keratoconus shows that DALK is characterized by shorter period of rehabilitation, absence of rejection reaction, stable visual acuity restoration, and lower rate of endothelial cell loss.

Keywords: deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty, endothelial cell density, keratoconus, visual acuity

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All articles of the authors: Fabrikantov O.L. , Lev I.V.

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