№2, 2019, volume 15

The present work highlights the facts about two scientists who in diferent years worked as chairs of the department of general biology at the Saratov Medical Institute and who participated in the Great Patriotic War — professor Alexander Stepanovich Konstantinov, doctor of biological sciences, and associate professor Alexander Evgenievich Sholpo.

The diverse aspects of activity of the museum of history of Saratov State Medical University are considered. The value of the museum in educational and scientifc processes is shown. The integrating function of the museum and also the mechanism of impact of its activity on familiarizing of students with cultural heritage, formation of competences and moral and esthetic installations are analyzed. On the basis of practical activities of the museum necessity of its integration with various structural divisions of the university is revealed.

The purpose of this work is to study the relationship of carbohydrate metabolism disorders and markers of endo-thelial dysfunction in animals with absolute insulin defciency at biostimulation by autotransplantation of the skin fap. Material and Methods. The study was conducted on 60 male white outbred rats, which were divided into: an intact control group, a two comparative and an experimental group. In animals of the comparison group, alloxan diabetes mellitus (DM) was caused, in rats from the experimental group, an autotransplantation of the skin fap was performed against the background of developed alloxan diabetes. The levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were determined. Results. Autotransplantation of the skin fap causes a normalization of the glycemic profle in animals of the experimental group, and also reduces subclinical infammation caused by hyperglycemia and stabilizes the expression of VEGF.Diabetes causes an increase in HbA1c by 69 % and CRP by 11 %, while аutotransplantation of the skin fap leads to a decrease in the concentration of HbA1c by 28 % and CRP by 7 %. Conclusion. Autotransplantation of the skin fap reduces the risk of microcirculatory disorders due to hyperglycemia and chronic subclinical infammation.

Objective: to estimate the level of markers of endothelial dysfunction in burn injury of various severities. Material and Methods. 57 patients were included in the study. The level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endothe-lin, nitric oxide metabolites (NO), and the amount of circulating desquamated endothelial cells were determined in the dynamics of burn injury development. Results. In burn injury there was an increased amount of endothelial dysfunction markers in blood, which is highly expressed on the 7-15th day. Moreover on the 7th day in case of severe and extremely severe burn injury the level of VEGF was increased over 50 times while the amount of endothelin, nitric oxide metabolites and circulating desquamated endothelial cells becomes higher in 3–5 times. Conclusion. The research outcomes have proved the damage of endothelial lining in burn injury.

Objective: to determine the damage of blood elements as tissue damage — to study hemolytic anemia from the position of infammation. Material and Methods. Clinical and laboratory data of 187 neonatal patients were included in the examination group. The dynamics of blood erythrocyte indices was studied taking into account the dependence on age, anthropometric parameters, the severity of diseases and the intensity of oxygenotherapy. The composition and features of oxidative modifcations of lipid structures of biological membranes of erythrocytes were investigated. Results. The values of the elements of alteration in the pathogenesis of hemolysis were determined. Changes of erythrocyte membranes in oxidative hemolysis were investigated. The review and comparison of the information contained in the classical and periodicals on pathological physiology, Hematology. Conclusion. The study damage to the blood elements as tissue damage allows you to apply for the study of hemolytic anemias the concept of development of infammation.

Literature review is devoted to the use of composite nanomaterials based on magnetic nanoparticles for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases.

Objective: to study the efect of light desynchronosis on behavioral reactions and cognitive functions of white male rats. Material and Methods. The study was conducted on 36 intact non-pedigree white male rats, which were divided into 2 groups: experimental and control. Animals were exposed to artifcial illumination 24 hours a day provided by the fuorescent lamp of 60 kW capacity. The same animals of the experimental group on the 10th, 21st and 30th days were tested in the installations «Dark-light camera» and «Open feld». Results. On the 10th day of intensive light deprivation, the indicators refecting the research-orientation activity reached the maximum values, which indicated the development of stress damage to the animal organism. On the 21st day of the experiment, the

Aim of the study is to investigate the structure of condylar cartilage of mandible in rats after 60-day of sodium ben-zoate intake and ionizing radiation exposure both separately and simultaneously and fnd possibility of correction of the alterations found with sea-buckthorn oil. Material and Methods. The study involved 240 white rats distributed into 8 groups. Animals received intragastric sodium benzoate in dosage of 1500 mg / kg of body weight and were exposed to ionizing radiation (total 4 Gr. in 4 sessions). Sea-buckthorn oil was used as the correction drug (300 mg / kg of body weight). Morphometry of the condylar cartilage included zones morphometry and relations of volume components. Results. Application of sodium benzoate resulted in the narrowing of proliferation and subchondral osteogenic zones and the decrease of amount of primary spongiosa and osteoblasts; in readaptation period the structure of the cartilage was gradually restored. Ionizing radiation led to similar alterations while restoration period was longer. Action of both sodium benzoate and ionizing radiation resulted in severe alteration with no restoration observed. Application of sea-buckthorn oil resulted in faster restoration of cartilage structure. Conclusion. Combined action of sodium benzoate and ionizing radiation resulted in severe alterations of the mandibular condylar cartilage structure. Application of sea-buckthorn oil reduces negative efects of the experimental conditions on morphological functional features of the mandibular condy-lar cartilage.

Objective: to optimize the process of biomechanical modeling of blood vessels on the example of creating models of the arterial circle of the brain. Material and Methods. Biomechanical modeling requires the creation of a patient-oriented three-dimensional solid-state geometric model of the object under study. This problem can be solved by computer data processing (CT) or magnetic resonance (MRI) tomography. A program that implements the construction of blood vessel contours on individual sections of MRI in semi-automatic mode. These contours are exported as saved curves in a specifc format to SolidWorks, where they are used to create three-dimensional models of blood vessels. The models obtained in this way take into account the personal characteristics of the structure of the vascular bed of a particular patient and can be used in the process of biomechanical modeling. Results. The results of the program implementation of the recursive frontal growth method for processing two- dimensional slices of tomograms are presented. Conclusion. The developed software allows semi- automatic loading of DICOM images and obtaining fat sections of vessels on their basis, as well as transferring them for further processing into computer-aided design systems.

Resocialization of persons in a situation of illness determines one of the most important tasks of a health care system, namely, restoration of social opportunities of a patient. Objective: psychological analysis of identity system transformation of identifcations in a situation of a severe physical disease. Material and Methods. The study included a random sample of men and women aged 18–65: patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) (n=116), and the control group (n=181). The following methods have been used: questionnaire, personal self-conception survey by S. R. Panteleev; R. Lazarus» study coping strategies; «Life style index»; family environment scale (FES) adapted by S. Y. Kupriyanov; WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL); M. Kuhn»s test «Who am I?»; J. Rotter»s subjective control level test questionnaire; V. N. Dovlatova»s questionnaire for identifying cognitive inclination to dependency. Results. Signifcant diferences (p=0.01) in expression of identity indicators were obtained, which allowed to identify features of identifcation system characteristic of patients with ischemic heart disease without disability and with disability. Diferences in identifcation predictors with social roles, physical characteristics, negative self-identifcation and total number of self-descriptions were identifed using the regression analysis data. Conclusion. Change of personality of a patient with ischemic heart disease can be interpreted as othering and leads to difculties in social interactions and loss of opportunity to rely on their own personality, which requires psychotherapy. Socialization as a basic characteristic of modern society defnes one of the most important tasks of medical and social assistance to the population, namely, the restoration of the social capabilities of the patient. An analysis of the internal picture of the disease in patients with chronic somatic diseases in a social context makes it possible to determine the tasks of re-socialization in a situation of disability.