2018, volume 14

The aim is to study the features of the adaptation process in children of different ages with acute neuroinfections depending on the etiology, severity of the disease and the period of the disease using indicators of the pituitary-thyroid system. Material and Methods. A comprehensive clinical and laboratorial checkup of 237 children with different noso-logical forms of neuroinfections was carried out: meningitis: viral, enteroviral, purulent and cerebromeningitis. Control board group was composed of 15 healthy children of the identical age. All the patients underwent the thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroid hormones blood serum level, IFA technique being used, during acuity and reconvalesence. Re-sults. The neuroinfections status of the pituitary-thyroid system depends on the period and severity of the disease and does not depend on the etiology, age and sex of the child. Conclusion. According to the indices of the pituitary-thyroid system revealed that different adaptive responses develop in neuroinfections depending on the reactivity of child's organism and severity of the disease.

The research goal is to study the performance of INF-а, INF-y and IL-1(3 in children with acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI) depending on etiology, the presence of mixed infection, disease severity, presence of complications, the concentration of thyroid hormones. Material and Methods. Examined 147 patients aged from 1 to 10 years at the outbreak of the ARVI and 15 healthy children. Patients in the midst of acute respiratory infections was conducted to determine levels of IL-1(3, INF-а, INF-y, triiodothyronine (T3) and free thyroxine free (T4) by ELISA using standard test kits JSC "Vector-best" (Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region). Results. It was showed elevated level of INF-y in patients with PC-infection in comparison with the same indicator in healthy children. Set the increased level of INF-а in severe ARVI and the level of INF-y at medium severe form. It was showed increased levels of INF-y in patients with mixed infection. In children with complications, the level of IL-1 (3 was lower almost in 2.4 times, than in children without complications. Among patients with complications, the highest numbers of INF-а were detected in children with pneumonia and INF-y increased in patients with bronchitis. When conducting correlation analysis, the highest rates of INF-а were observed in children with the syndrome of "low T3", and INF-y in children as low T3 and low T4. Conclusion. An increase in the level of INF-y in patients with RS infection was found. Revealed that in children in acute period of SARS levels IL-1 IS, INF-а do not depend on the etiological factor of SARS. These indicators are influenced by the severity of the disease, which in our study was due to the development of mixed infection, the presence and nature of complications. High rates of INF-а and INF-y have significant inverse correlation with the level of T3, which reflects the degree of intoxication in the acute period of infectious diseases.

The literature review focuses on some epidemiological aspects, molecular-genetic predictors of irritable bowel syndrome formation, the role of psychosocial and infectious factors, low-grade inflammation, imbalance between neu-rotransmitters and cytokines, as well as changes in the intestinal microbiome in the development of irritable bowel syndrome.

The aim of the study was to identify cardiac remodeling in bronchial asthma (BA), to construct a mathematical model for its prediction to optimize diagnosis. Material and Methods. Atotal of 283 patients with asthma who underwent a comprehensive examination including general clinical, immuno-enzymatic (determination of the N-terminal fraction of the brain natriuretic propeptide, activity of the angiotensin-converting enzyme) and instrumental methods: ECG, ECHO, daily Holter monitoring of ECG, FVD. Results. The analysis of the obtained results showed that in patients with asthma, structural, geometric changes of the myocardium of the right and left ventricles were noted, increasing as the disease became more severe. The activation of local neurohormonal systems, primarily myocardial is no less important. An analysis of the relationship between the concentration of natriuretic peptide and the end-diastolic size of the right ventricle in BA patients revealed a moderate correlation relationship. There was a weak correlation between the right ventricular end-diastolic size, the right ventricular frontal wall thickness and the ACE level. The analysis of the relationship between the above dimensions of the right ventricle and the index of the balance of the autonomic nervous system was reliable. Conclusion. Thus, the development of cardiac remodeling in AD patients occurs against the background of the hyperactivation of neurohumoral systems, including sympathoadrenal, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and the system of natriuretic peptides.

The aim of the research was to study the peculiarities of vegetative regulation of blood circulation in cardiac surgery patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or correction of acquired valvular heart disease (CAVHD). Material and Methods. In this study we included 42 patients (12 women; 63 (57; 67) years), who underwent CABG, and 36 patients (16 women; 58 (47; 65) years) who underwent CAVHD. The synchronous 15 minutes records of electrocardiogram and photoplethysmogram (PPG) were performed in all patients before and after surgery. Time domain and frequency domain measures of heart rate variability (HRV) and index of synchronization between low-frequency (LF) oscillations in HRV and PPG (index S) were analyzed. Results. Most studied autonomic indices did not have statistically significant differences between patients with CABG and CAVHD in the study stages, except for heart rate, which was higher in patients before CAVHD (p=0,013). Conclusion. The values of HRV and index S do not depend on the difference in the clinical status and the features of performed cardiac surgical interventions between patients with CABG and CAVHD.

The research goal is to reveal the features of clinical manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in obesity. Material and Methods. A survey and anthropometric study of 51 patients suffering from GERD and obesity aged 30 to 60 years were conducted. The average age of the patients was 42.3±2.11 years. Patients were divided into groups according to the BMI score. The control group consisted of patients suffering from GERD without obesity. Results. The main complaint of the patients of the control group was heartburn, while the patients of the main group had complaints of dyspeptic nature. With an increase in BMI, there was an increase in the incidence of complaints, in addition, complaints of an extra-esophageal nature associated with the direct effect of acidic gastric contents on the pharyngeal mucosa were detected. This regularity is explained in the article by pathogenetic mechanisms of GERD development. In patients suffering from GERD without obesity, the development of the disease is caused by a change in the motor activity of the esophagus due to a decrease in the tone of the lower esophageal sphincter, and in patients with co-pathology the main role is given to increased intragastric pressure, which leads to disruption of the sphincter. Conclusion. Thus, the clinical picture of combination of GERD and obesity differs atypical for GERD current, the main features of which are the predominance of dyspeptic complaints, motor-evacuation disorders, and the presence of extraesophageal complaints.

The aim is to assess skin microcirculation changes arising during subcutaneous implantation of polycaprolactone scaffolds mineralized by vaterite. Material and Methods. The experiment was carried out on 30 albino rats divided into two groups: a negative control group and an experimental one. We implanted polycaprolactone scaffold with exhausted foreign protein subcutaneously into rats of the negative control group. We implanted polycaprolactone matrix mineralized by vaterite subcutaneously into the animals of the experimental group. Research methods include laser Doppler flowmetry and morphological examination of the tissues of the matrix implantation area. Results. Changes of skin microcirculation over the matrix allocation area correspond to the morphological pattern of tissue reactions. Biocompat-ibility disorders take the form of inflammation in the scaffold implantation area that is accompanied by stable perfusion rise associated with local bloodstream modulation changes. We did not observe inflammation signs in the surrounding scaffold tissues during implantation of polycaprolactone matrices mineralized by vaterite. Besides local microcircula-tory reactions possess a transient character disappearing completely by the 21st day after the implantation. Conclusion. Complex of the given functional and morphological studies allow us to ascertain high-grade biocompatibility of polycaprolactone matrices mineralized by vaterite thus giving rise to prospect of their use for tissue regeneration stimulation.

The aim: to study etiological role of opportunistic microflora in the pathogenesis of implant-associated inflammation in patients after primary knee joint replacement and antibiotic sensitivity of main agent groups. Material and Methods. The retrospective analysis of microbiological samples of 383 patients with implant-associated inflammation occurred after primary total knee replacement. Results. Gram-positive cocci (63.5%) are the leading agents of implant-associ- ated inflammation, and there is an increase in the etiological role of coagulase-positive Staphylococci. Main agents of Gram-negative group were Enterobacteraceae and non-enzyme bacteria. We revealed high resistance of Staphylo-coccus spp. to antibiotics of various groups. Oxazolidinones and glycylcyclines were the most active among all antibiotic groups. Gram-negative bacteria were highly resistant to cephalosporine and macrolides with carbapenems and fluoroquinolones being most active. Conclusion. Gram-negative Enterobacteraceae, non-enzyme bacteria and Gram-positive cocci are most significant etiological factors in the pathogenesis of implant-associated inflammation in patients after primary total knee replacement.

Purpose: to generalize and systematize the information available in the literature about the anatomy of the posterior connective arteries in adults. Scientific works (monographs, articles, dissertations and abstracts of dissertations) of native and foreign authors for the period from 1928 to 2017 were worked out to achieve the goal. Data on the variants of artery discharge, areas of blood supply and major anomalies are presented. The size characteristics of arteries (length, outer diameter, wall thickness and lumen diameter) are presented taking into account bilateral, age and sexual differences.

The aim: development of conceptual provisions aimed at updating and ubiquitous introduction of a preventive system of dental care for students in higher and secondary vocational schools. Material and Methods. The authors rely on data from comprehensive surveys conducted in Moscow, in the Stavropol Territory, in Volgograd, in the city of Pyatigorsk. Results. It is established that the main diseases of students are dental caries and periodontal diseases (most often in the initial form). There is a trend of loss of dental health of students from 1 to 4 courses. Loss of health (even for objective reasons) is destructive for the economy and society. Solution of this problem will ensure the provision of systemic prevention and enhance the dental activity of the contingent of students. An estimation of the required investments related to the opening and operation of dental offices at higher and secondary professional educational institutions was made. Conclusion. The possibilities of social investment of the dental service of educational institutions with the use of mechanisms of fundraising are shown. Strengthening the dental services of educational institutions will help to improve the dental health of the student population. Social investment of educational institutions has many attractive features for the population and business entities.