№3, 2018, volume 14

Aim: to analyze polymorphic variants of genes of connective tissue remodeling, biotransformation and their role in the development of cardiovascular comorbidity and osteoarthritis (OA). Material and Methods. The study included 70 patients with OA. As a control group, 30 patients without OA of comparable sex and age were included in the study. All patients were assessed total (absolute) cardiovascular risk according to the SCORE scale. The pain was assessed by visual analog pain scale. The physical dysfunction was assessed on a WOMAC scale. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the genes COL1A1 (rs1107946), EPHX1 (rs1051740), MMP12 (rs652438) were studied by PCR-RT. Results. In patients with OA, there is a twofold increase in the frequency of the heterozygous genotype of the GT gene COL1A1. The presence of the T allele of the COL1A1 gene is a risk factor for the development of OA. Patients with OA have a fourfold increase in the frequency of genotype AG of the MMP12 gene. The patients with severe pain significantly present the difference in the distribution of allele frequencies of the polymorphic locus G1997T of the COL1A1 gene from the control sample. The frequencies of heterozygous genotypes COL1A1 and MMP12 differed significantly in patients with different cardiovascular risk. Conclusion. The results partially confirm the integration theory of the pathogenesis of OA, suggest the existence of general mechanisms of connective tissue remodeling.

Aim: to evaluate the effect of different types of hypoglycemic therapy on the level of leptin, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, as well as body mass index. Material and Methods. The study involved 250 people. 200 case histories of patients with the main diagnosis Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease were analyzed. Group I consisted of 50 suffering from diabetes type II diabetes in combination with obesity of varying severity and GERD. Treatment of diabetes in this group was carried out with the help of Metformin. Group II consisted of 50 patients with type II diabetes mellitus combined with obesity of varying severity and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Patients in this group took exenatide. Group III consisted of 50 patients suffering from obesity of different severity and gastroesophageal reflux disease. The comparison group (IV) consisted of 50 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease without overweight and comorbidities. For the treatment of GERD in the study subjects used — omeprazole. The control group (V) consisted of 50 healthy volunteers. Laboratory tests (General blood test, biochemical, immunological parameters) were performed on automated hematological (Ruby), immunochemical (Architect 2000) and biochemical (Architect 4000) analyzers (Abbott, USA). Results. In the course of assessing the indicators before therapy, we can note an increase in the level of leptin in the group of patients with obesity, while against the background of type 2 diabetes. Assessing the level of interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha statistically significant increase in indicators was observed in the groups of patients with obesity (I, II, III study group). As a result of treatment, weight loss in patients of group II correlated with a decrease in the level of leptin, interleukin 6, C-reactive protein and TNF. Conclusion. As a result of treatment with exenatide, weight loss in patients of group II correlated with a decrease in the level of leptin, interleukin 6, C-reactive protein and TNF, indicating a decrease in the metabolic activity of visceral fat, which consists in the activation of lipolysis, release of free fatty acids and adipocytokines

The goal is to study the morphofunctional changes in the kidneys under the influence of light desynchronosis, an analysis of the degree of reversibility of these changes. Material and Methods. The study was carried out in two stages on 72 white male rats. In the first series of experiments, animals underwent round-the-clock light exposure for 10 and 21 days. In the second series after round-the-clock exposure to light for 10 and 21 days, the beings were exposed to natural light for 21 days. The animals of the control group were kept in a natural light regime. Morphological and morphometric analysis of histological sections of kidneys stained with hematoxylin and eosin was performed. Results. It was found that on the 10th day of the experiment, cellular infiltration of the cortex occurs, and the edema of the interstitial tissue develops. These changes progress to the 21st day of the experiment and are combined with a significant decrease in the area of the glomerular capillary network and expansion of the lumen of the capsule of the glomerulus of cortical nephrons. When assessing the long-term consequences after 10-day illumination, the diameter of the renal corpus is reduced along the long and short axis. The changes registered on the 21st day do not reach the control values, which indicate that they are irreversible. Conclusion. The revealed structural and functional changes in the kidney indicate a negative effect of light desynchronosis: 10-day lighting leads to a breakdown of compensatory possibilities and the development of distant morphological changes; long-term light exposure (within 21 days) leads to the development of pronounced irreversible structural disorders.