Saratov JOURNAL of Medical and Scientific Research

2016, volume 12

Morphological studies in the diagnosis of primary and secondary bone tumors

Year: 2016, volume 12 Issue: №4 Pages: 566-570
Heading: Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics Article type: Original article
Authors: Matveeva O.V., Zhandarova L.F., Pavlenko A.A., Kesov L.A.
Organization: Saratov State Medical University
Summary:

The aim: to show the possibility of morphological studies in the diagnosis of primary and secondary tumors of bones. Material and Methods. 105 (72%) patients with primary bone tumors aged from 15 to 66 years and 42 (28%) patients with metastatic bone lesions aged from 42 to 70 years were examined and treated for the period from 2008 till 2015. Material for morphological studies was prepared using an open biopsy tissue slices and a scraping resected tumor during surgery. Soft-tissue component is subjected to cytology. The material for histological study included changes in bone and soft tissue. Results. Giant cell tumor was verified in 45% of cases by histological examination. Multiple myeloma was diagnosed in 15% of patients. Osteogenic sarcoma was diagnosed in 14% of cases. Ewing's sarcoma was diagnosed in 3%, 2% of cases were matched by diagnosed chordoma. According to the data received, cancer metastasis of kidney and lung is mostly diagnosed in men from the group of patients with secondary bone defeat. Metastasis of cancer of the breast in women was predominated. Conclusion. The morphological (histological, cytological) study plays an important role in the diagnosis of bone tumors. The coincidence of the cytological and histological diagnoses was 97%.

Keywords: morphological study, primary and secondary bone tumors

Evaluation of treatment of patients with essential hypertension at primary care units using structured questionnaires (a polyclinic of the Saratov region as an example)

Year: 2016, volume 12 Issue: №4 Pages: 560-565
Heading: Internal Diseases Article type: Original article
Authors: Gerasimov S.N., Korotin A.S., Alexandrova I.N., Popova Yu.V.
Organization: Saratov Institute of Cardiology, Russia, Krasnoarmeysk Regional Hospital, Engels City Polyclinic №4
Summary:

The aim of the article is to assess patients' view on the treatment of hypertension in polyclinic located in the Saratov region using structured questionnaires. Material and Methods. 83 patients (aged 64.6±9.6 years, males 30%) with the diagnosis of essential hypertension who referred to the polyclinic of workers settlement of the Saratov region during the period from July 1, 2015 to July 7, 2015 were interviewed. The questionnaire for patients with elevated blood pressure (BP) developed by S. N. Gerasimov et al. (2015) was used. The questionnaire included 16 questions organized in the following panels: awareness of hypertension and risk factors, BP self-monitoring, conducted treatment, compliance to therapy, referrals to medical care. Results. 90% of the interviewed patients have known previously about BP elevation; 90% of respondents have had a tonometer; 84% of hypertensives measured BP no rare then once a week, and 54% did it daily; 88% of enrollers regularly take antihypertensive drugs. Only 36% of patients could be classified as compliant to therapy according the Morisky — Green scale (had 4 points). 92% of respondents have received one or more advice on lifestyle modification: 82% — advice on eating, 66% — advice on weight reduction, 55% — advice on physical activity, 28% — advice on smoking cessation, 26% — advice on alcohol consumption. 62.7% of patients were interested in organization of special follow-up program. Conclusion. High frequency of BP self-measurement was identified together with low compliance of patients to antihypertensive therapy, good knowledge on non-pharmacologic treatment interventions.

Keywords: treatment, structured questionnaire, primary care, arterial hypertension

The treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease in menopausal women suffering from diabetes mellitus type II

Year: 2016, volume 12 Issue: №4 Pages: 556-560
Heading: Internal Diseases Article type: Original article
Authors: Semikina Т.М., Kunitsyna M.A., Kashkina E.l.
Organization: Saratov State Medical University
Summary:

Purpose: to develop criteria for the selection of optimal tactics of supporting treatment of nonerosive gastroesophageal reflux disease with proton pump inhibitors in menopausal women suffering from diabetes mellitus type II. Material and Methods. 186 patients aged 45-59 who suffer from gastroesophageal reflux disease have been followed up, 46 of which suffer from diabetes mellitus type II as well. The climacteric syndrome's morbidity has been assessed in accordance with the modified menopause index; the level of glycated hemoglobin has been measured by the Abbott analyzer produced in the USA. Results. It is established that irrespective of the supporting treatment, the gastroesophageal reflux disease remittance was shorter in direct proportion with increase of the HbA1c level and the value of the modified menopause index in menopausal women suffering from diabetes mellitus type II. Conclusion. When the climacteric syndrome was mild or moderate, taking 20 mg Omeprazole once a day and "on demand" has comparable results, therefore this group of women prefer the "on demand" regimen as it lowers the risk of osteoporosis progression and further bone fracture. Taking 20 mg Omeprazole once a day, every other day, and "on demand" allows the disease remittance to prolong for a year and longer in less than 30% of women suffering from severe climacteric syndrome and having HbA1c>9.0%; however, this number may grow up to 70% of women in case they follow medical advice and reduce their carbohydrate input to 11 carbohydrate units and less.

Keywords: climacteric syndrome at women, diabetes II type, gastroesophageal reflux disease, supporting treatment

Cells identification and counting in blood native state on the basis of digital microscopy.

Year: 2016, volume 12 Issue: №4 Pages: 549-555
Heading: Physiology and Pathophysiology Article type: Original article
Authors: Doubrovski V.A., Zabenkov I.V, Torbin SO, Tsareva O.E.
Organization: Saratov State Medical University
Summary:

The research goal is to develop an algorithm for the processing of photo images of native blood samples to determine the concentration of erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets without individual separate preparation of cell samples. Materials and Methods. The objects of investigation were the samples of the whole donated blood, diluted 400 times by saline. Special "photo templates", the effect of "highlighting" of leukocytes, which was detect by authors, and the resolution of platelets from leukocytes by the areas of their photo images were suggested for identification of the cells. Results. 80 photo images of native blood solutions were selected for computer processing, while the total number of cells counted was: erythrocytes — 4184, platelets — 292 and leukocytes — 84, total — 4560 blood cells. Comparison of the results achieved with ones obtained by "manual" account or by the device for formed elements counting Sysmex XT-400i gives satisfactory results. Conclusion. It is shown that the accuracy of counting of the native blood cells may be comparable with the accuracy of similar studies by means of smears. At the same time the proposed analysis of native blood simplifies greatly the samples preparation in comparison to smears, permits to move from the detection of blood cells ratios to the determination of their concentrations in the sample.

Keywords: blood cells, cell counting, computer processing of photo images, digital volume tomography

Synchronization of low-frequency rhythms in electroencephalogram by respiration with linear dependent time frequency.

Year: 2016, volume 12 Issue: №4 Pages: 541-548
Heading: Physiology and Pathophysiology Article type: Original article
Authors: Karavaev A.S., Runnova A.E., Borovkova E.l., Ishbulatov Y.M., Khorev V.S., Kiselev A.R., Zhuravlev M.O., Ponomarenko V.I., Prokhorov M.D., Bezruchko B.P., Koronovsky A.A..
Organization: Saratov Branch of Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics n.a. V.A. Kotelnikov, Saratov State Medical University, Saratov state university
Summary:

The aim of the present study was to investigate the features of interaction of low-frequency rhythms in delta band of electroencephalogram (EEG) and processes in vegetative regulation of circulation with respiration. Materials and methods. 19 leads of EEG, photoplethysmogram (PPG) and respiration were simultaneously recorded in four healthy males (19-25 years old) during 30 minutes physiological test with linearly increasing frequency of respiration. Modern methods of nonlinear dynamics were used to diagnose the presence of phase and frequency synchronization between respiration and low-frequency rhythms in delta band of EEG and in PPG. Results. We found significantly long sections of synchronization of delta rhythms in cervical leads of EEG and low-frequency rhythms in PPG by respiration with linearly increasing frequency. Conclusion. Obtained results correlate well with established hypothesis which suggest that low-frequency rhythms in baroreflectory regulation of circulation are in complex dynamic relationships with structures of brain stem. A method was proposed for quantitative evaluation of synchronization strength between respiration and low-frequency rhythms in electrical brain activity in physiological tests with respiration with frequency linearly increasing in time.

Keywords: cardiovascular system, delta band, electroencephalogram (EEG), nonlinear dynamics, physiological test, respiration, signals processing, synchronization, vegetative regulation

Male face anatomy in the focus of aesthetic medicine

Year: 2016, volume 12 Issue: №3 Pages: 524-528
Heading: Dermatovenerology Article type: Review
Authors: Andreyeva A.V., Utz S.R.
Organization: Saratov State Medical University
Summary:

The review presents research materials dealing with sexual dimorphism in the efficacy of botulinum toxin dosing. The differences in the structure of muscle and skeleton of male and female faces are presented. We have also considered the features of implementation of injection techniques, depending on gender.

Keywords: botulinum toxin, dosage, man's face

Botulinum toxin — therapeutic effect in cosmetology

Year: 2016, volume 12 Issue: №3 Pages: 521-524
Heading: Dermatovenerology Article type: Review
Authors: Morrison A.V., Bocharova Y.M., Morrison V.V.
Organization: clinic skin and venereal diseases, Saratov State Medical University
Summary:

This review presents the data from published literatures and the research works conducted by the authors about mechanisms of action of botulinum toxin and its use in the practical medicine (particularly in dermatology and cosmetology). Indications and contraindications of botulinum toxin use in cosmetology are also considered in this work.

Keywords: botulinum toxin, cosmetology, dermatology

The use of platelet-rich plasma in dermatocosmetology

Year: 2016, volume 12 Issue: №3 Pages: 518-520
Heading: Dermatovenerology Article type: Review
Authors: Polyaeva Т.О., Utz S.R.
Organization: clinic skin and venereal diseases, Saratov State Medical University
Summary:

There is an overview of the literature is carried out reflecting the use of platelet-rich plasma in various fields of medicine, methods of preparation and its use in dermatology.

Keywords: alopecia areata, androgenetic alopecia, growth factors, platelet-rich plasma

Ichthyosis: the question of inheritance

Year: 2016, volume 12 Issue: №3 Pages: 513-517
Heading: Dermatovenerology Article type: Review
Authors: Talnikova Е.Е., Sherstneva V.N., Morrison A.V., Utz S.R.
Organization: Saratov State Medical University
Summary:

This review summarizes the literature, specifically describing etiology, pathogenesis, classification and inheritance of ichthyosiform dermatoses. A case of ichthyosis vulgaris inherited in three generations of a family is described.

Keywords: childhood, dermatology, genetics, heredity, ichthyosis

Clinical case of a Goldenhar syndrome diagnostics in a newborn boy

Year: 2016, volume 12 Issue: №3 Pages: 511-513
Heading: Dermatovenerology Article type: Case report
Authors: Slesarenko N.A., Eremina M.G., Belonogova Y.V., Roshepkin V.V., Eremin A.V.
Organization: Saratov State Medical University
Summary:

Relative importance of the current issue is based on rare occurrence of this dermatosis, its genetic predisposition and occurrence in early childhood. The Goldenhar syndrome diagnosing is a difficult task and causes difficulty in selecting treatment, due to large number of clinical syndromes presenting with facial deformities and the inability to quickly identify concomitant signs of damage to other organs and systems.

Keywords: children, Goldenhar syndrome, oculo-auriculo-vertebral dysplasia