2016, volume 12

Aim: to investigate potential cryo- and radioprotective properties of a polydimethylsiloxane of low viscosity to provide safe and reliable cryopreservation and radiation sterilization of human cadaveric vascular allografts. Material and methods. A consecutive experimental set-up was carried out to establish polydimethylsiloxane (further — PDMS) protective endocellular properties. For this purpose a high-densitymesenchymal stem cells suspension was cryopreserved with 10% DMSO solution; PDMS exocellular protective properties were assessed by cyclic cryoconservation of ^femoral artery segments, while PDMS potential radioprotectiveproperties were assessed by gamma irradiation — induced sterilization of 3 cryopreserved femoral artery segments with gross length about 3cm, and for control grafts a slightly changed protocol with glycerin was used. In this study the dynamic viscosity of all cryopreserved vessels was analyzed with using specially designed experimental device, also electron scanning microscopy with lanthanide cells staining and routine hematoxylin — eosin cell staining were applied. Results. We have demonstrated a prominentexocellular protective effect of PDMS confirmed by a SEM and histological results, and also its mediated radioprotective effect, in particular because of its safer preliminary cryopreservation procedure. Conclusion. Use of PDMS for a cryopreservation and gamma sterilization showed its rationality, however requires further modification of protocols and additional researches.

The historical and recent years data on cancer and/or leukemia rate increasing after exposure of people in low dose (up to 100 mGy) radiation with a low LET, attributiveness of effects and the possibility of their experimental confirmation were considered. Previously, information about the carcinogenic effects of low doses was not clearly interpreted due to the presence of uncertainty, biases and confounders. The biological mechanism was also absent. In the last 5-7 years the situation has changed dramatically: more significant data were obtained: irradiation at computed tomography in dentistry, for residents of a high natural background radiation, and others. Simultaneously it was obtained radiobio-logical data on increased DNA double strand breaks level after exposure to doses from few milligrays and it can be considered as a possible molecular mechanism of these effects. As a result, was declared 'New Era in the Low Dose Radiation Epidemiology' (Kitahara С M., et al., 2015), which can lead to costs in terms of tightening of radiation risks and to fear of medical exposure. The conducted in the review analysis of recent epidemiological and radiobiological evidence suggests, however, that there is no unambiguous evidence of attributed to radiation carcinogenic effects, identified during the 'New Epidemiology of Low Doses', and there is no a proven molecular mechanism that could provide biological plausibility of such effects.

The lists of the diseases connected with radiation effects existing now at the level not only Russia and Belarus, but also at the Union State in general can be enhanced using cumulative scientific data. There are possible variants, as exceptions in the list of separate nosologies, reasons of which are rather caused not by radiation factors, and as introduction of diseases which radiation nature is confirmed by long-term researches. The conducted researches showed that creation of the single list of diseases within the Union State is a really question solving of which will demand not only significant scientific researches, but also serious legislative initiatives.

Biological effects of low doses of radiation action and especially the problem of quantifying are still the subject of much debate and polar opinions about their hazards for a human and the environment. Nevertheless, the use of risk assessments under the control of the state of health of populations exposed is not widespread in the medical community. Does this indicate the need for revision and improvement of the radiation-epidemiological analysis techniques? Years of experience of the Federal Medical and Biophysical Center n.a. A. I. Burnazyan enable us to answerthis question from the standpoint of accumulated unique knowledge and methodologies by which managed to develop its own approach to optimize a core set of questions relating to the problems of long-term radiological effects of low doses.

Economic efficiency of various telemedical services are still a subject of scientific discussion. The article considers approaches to a complex estimation of economic benefit and economic efficiency of services in remote education. Calculations are submitted on the basis of realization of remote trainings series on training to receptions of urgent medical aid and occupational medicine for the medical personnel of the large oil-extracting company. Preparation of the program, materials, including videofragments, presentations and demonstrations, and also realization of trainings were carried out by autsourcing by experts of the foreign organizations.

The article presents biographical data of academic N.N. Sirotinin. It describes his scientific and practical contribution to the development of medicine in Russia and to the training of academic staff for the national medical school.

The article presents the biographical data of Professor K. I. Myshkin who is one of the most prominent representatives of the Saratov school of surgery. It describes the main directions of his scientific activity. Particular attention is paid to the contribution of K. I. Myshkin to the training of surgical staff for Saratov Medical Institute.

The article is devoted the 60th anniversary of the honored worker of higher school of the Russian Federation, professor Vladimir Nikolaevich Nikolenko.

The purpose: studying of educational opportunities of sports tourism in processes of early social adaptation of students and gender features of ecological knowledge of students of higher education institutions of various profiles. Material and methods. Questioning of students of 2 and 3 courses of agrarian (n=147)and medical (n=147) of universities of Saratov age till 21 year in a gender ratio 1:1 is conducted. Results. Low ecological literacy of students of agrarian and medical universities, and also very "vague" ecological outlook is revealed. Gender distinctions in perception of environmental problems have been established. So, girls of medical university are more ecologically competent, than young men. Girls of both higher education institutions are more concerned about an ecological situation on the planet, but in too time a peculiar social and psychological mimicry which was shown in lack of correlation between the correct answers to questions of endoecology and value of a healthy lifestyle and a conduct of life of students was observed. Research has shown the high importance of occupations by physical culture and sport. The way of increase of popularity of tourism as sport is offered. Are given a work experience of section of sports tourism. Conclusion. The received results indicate the need of enhancement of methodology of teaching ecological bases of the higher school taking into account gender features of students.

The aim: to study possibilities of application of telemedical methods using for the organization of the system of distance learning for medical staff training in network of remote health centers with modern methods of providing emergency medical care. The use of telemedicine technology enables application of common standards of modern emergency medical care in a major industrial companies in which health care is based on the outsourcing of medical services. Technical training was implemented using a multi-point video conferencing between the head office and remote enterprises, included in its structure, implemented on the basis of corporate communications. Block-modular training infrastructure has been formed, which included both theoretical components, realized in the form of video lectures, and demonstration part including presentations, video demonstration of techniques of care. The applied technique has been realized over a short period for distant training of more than 300 health care workers providing care to 48 enterprises.