2014, volume 10

Aim: to evaluate the health of the children population in the area of the site location for disposal of rocket engines solid fuel. Material and methods. Analyzed the official reporting form health institutions for the period 2010-2011. Statistical processing of data was carried out generally accepted for such research methods. Results. The lack of influence of the enterprise on the health of children and adolescents. The number of healthy children ranged from 26.0 per cent to
39.5%. The main cause of morbidity in children is diseases of the nervous system and mental disorders, and congenital anomalies. Conclusion. Operation of installations for the disposal of rocket engines solid fuel according to the official reporting forms medical institutions has no effect on child health.

The aim of the article is to provide medical and economic analysis of the resort at the present stage and to identify ways to optimize. Material and methods: medical and statistical, analytical, medical and economic analysis, experimental. Results. The study identified the main ways to improve the activity of a sanatorium, set the direction of optimization activities in order to improve its health and economic efficiency. Conclusions. Carried out in the study assessment of medical and economic efficiency of the sanatorium, has allowed to develop a set of proposals to optimize the cost management of the sanatorium in the global crisis, resulting in the period of the experiment reached medico-social and economic efficiency by reducing the number of violations on the basis of quality EKMP (15.2%), increasing the effectiveness of the institution (16.7%), reducing economic losses (18.9%).

Aim: justify the need for institutional arrangements for the provision of medical care to adults with non-productive eye injuries. Material and Methods: analytical, medical, statistical, and comparative analysis. Results. The problem of eye injuries is unresolved today and has not only medical, but also a great social importance. The study calls the structure revealed that the majority of the adult population is unevenly within 24 hours of the first day sought treatment. So, the peak of appeals noted in the first half of a day. Every fourth victim turned to a medical institution for the first two hours after the injury. Young people under the age of 18 years sought medical help almost half of the cases within two hours after injury (40.6%). In 7.4% of cases, the treatment of ocular injury was performed in a hospital. 99.3% of patients with eye injuries recovered. The outcome of treatment was significantly depended on the nature of the injury (p

Objective: to determine the implementation of extra-curricular work by students of the Faculty of Dentistry in the discipline of Prosthetic Dentistry. Material and Methods. On the basis of the PLO was created VPO questionnaire including various kinds of students' independent work, and reflects the attitude and the volume of this work by students in various courses in the discipline of prosthetic dentistry. Results. The study showed that 97% of students would prefer to use the CDS in the form of a presentation, outline — 98%, in any form — 10%. Conclusion. Active involvement of students in extra-curricular work independently will prepare specialists of higher level and promote the best professional adaptation of graduates and retain them for the future practice.

The purpose of our research is a long-term follow up study of children with low birth weight. Materials and methods. 115 premature children from 0 to 7 years old took part in the research process. The children gestational age was 30-35 weeks and their birth weight was less than 2500 g. All children had thorough clinical and laboratory, instrumental and psychological examination up to the age of seven. Their parents took part in questionnaire survey. Results. Development of all aspects of mentality is retarded and such retardation can be observed in the first months of life as slow learning of new things and peculiarities of psychological interrelations with the world around in the form of negative response to the influence of sensory stimuli, behavioral disorders and difficulties in social adaptation. Conclusion. Children with low birth weight are included into the high-risk group of disabling abnormalities and persistent non-disabling disorders. These children need early comprehensive rehabilitation and, at the same time, extremely careful prognosis of their further development.

Research Objective: Analysis of incidence and accompanying states, detection of risk factors of retinopathies in premature infants (RN), dynamic monitoring and improvement of medical actions. Material and Methods: 134 children have been surveyed in the group of risk on development of RN for the last 2 years. Results: From 134 surveyed infants with gestation from 22 to 37 weeks and body weight at birth from 750 to 2500 kg. At 56 children (41,8%) the retinopathy of various degree of expressiveness has been revealed. 38 children with RN of 1-2 stages (67,8%) from which at 22 (39,3%) —the disease ended with the induced regress after a course of «retinalamin», at 16 (28,6% of RN) — spontaneous regress. 4 children (7,1%) had RN 2-3 of the Art., 3-4 Art. at 12 (21,4%), and 5 Art. a cicatricial phase with retinal detachment — 2 (3,5%). In 12 cases the laser photocoagulation in the eye centers is carried out. Conclusion: The revealed relationship of cause and effect of risk factors of formation of RN with features of a current ofthe neonatal period at patients with RN, promoted development of the system of monitoring, implementation of the program of treatment and rehabilitation of prematurely born children suffering RN. Ophthalmologic screening of premature infants with the use of the ophthalmologic digital pediatric camera "Ret Cam 3" allows to diagnose a retinopathy at early stages, in due time to hold preventive an3 medical measures that allows to lower the invalidization of this group of children.

Objective: To examine health of children born by means of ART according to Perinatal Center of Saratov region for the last 2 years. Material and Methods: 70 pregnant women and 96 newborns with the use of ART were under examination. The causes of premature birth by women with ART, high degree of disease incidence among newborns and mortinatality are considered (рассматриваются) in the article. Results: The important factors of amnionic membranes breaking are distinguished: maternal age, multifetation, genital and extragenital pathology, antenatal infections and fetation anomaly. Highly premature babies cause not only high neonatal disease rate and disability, but also are key element in procreational loses. Women with congelated embryo transfer less often experience premature birth, also disease rate and neurologic abnormalities are less frequent. Two and more embryo transfer more often leads to habitual miscarriage. Conclusion: Mothers-to-children health indicators after using ART demonstrate the necessity of prenatal diagnostics improvement and taking measures in monitoring such women and newborns. High quality preimplantation preparation plays a major role in fetus pathology reduction. Prescriptions and counter indications to this procedure should be thoroughly evaluated; no more than 1-2 ova should be transferred.

The preventive activity, which aims to improve the health of the entire population, takes an important place in the medical profession. Counseling, physical examinations, prophylactic medical examinations and health service are considered as the main types of the preventive activities. Objective; to study the situation about smoking in Russia and Latvia, to develop methods of prevention in the different target audiences. Material and Methods. The authors used the original questionnaire containing eight questions that allowed them to clarify the attitude of the respondents concerning the problem of smoking. Results. Sociological research (50 respondents from different cities of Russia and Latvia, 52% of men 48% of women, different age groups from 16 to 58 years) showed the urgent need for ongoing preventive work among the nicotine active population. Conclusion. The analysis of data led to the conclusion on the addition of female smokers, lowering of the "first cigarette" age and the increase smoker index. The study has been carried out to develop a model of conversation about the dangers of smoking, taking into account the target audience.

The aim of the article is to present the critical analysis of the main directions of research of health risks. Therefore the sociological conceptualization of the notion «risk» has been defined. Case study of the risks in the professional activities of nurses has revealed the possibility of interdisciplinary synthesis of sciences to build an integrated system of study of health risks and effective risk management — to ensure the health preservation and to improve the quality of work.

The present review concerns the elderly persons' health preservation and deals with theoretical approaches to the study of this problem. It was revealed that there is an imbalance between basic approaches in favor of medicinal side in the study of health preservation of older age group. The necessity for interdisciplinary problem solving in regard to elderly persons' health preservation was substantiated in categorical field of sociology of medicine.