№2, 2012, volume 8

Цель: определить характер зрительных нарушений у больных латентным сифилисом, оценить возможности исследования зрительных вызванных потенциалов (ЗВП), оптической когерентной томографии (ОКТ) и лазерной конфокальной томографии (ЛКТ) в диагностике и уточнении формы нейросифилиса. Материалиметоды. Обследованы 133 больных скрытым сифилисом на предмет выявления признаков поражения нервной системы и органа зрения. Результаты. Рутинное офтальмологическое обследование позволяет обнаружить нарушения зрения у 48 % больных латентным сифилисом. При нейросифилисе наиболее часто встречается ангиопатия сетчатки и первичная атрофия дисков зрительных нервов. Исследование ЗВП, использование ОКТ и ЛКТ позволяют выявлять признаки поражения органа зрения в 66 – 79 % случаев латентного сифилиса, нередко — до появления симптомов и признаков заболевания. Заключение. Офтальмологическое обследование должно быть обязательным не только при установленном диагнозе «нейросифилис», но и во всех случаях латентного сифилиса.

Research Goal was to compare probability of risk progression of chronic fetoplacental insuffciency with various disturbances of vegetative nervous system (VNS) in pregnant women. Materials. Basic group consisted of 112 pregnant women with chronic fetoplacental insuffciency; control group included 73 women with physiological course of pregnancy and delivery. Status of VNS was determined with the purpose to estimate initial vegetative tone in various functional systems and forming concept of general vegetative status in the sample. Results. Presence of fetoplacental insuffciency in pregnant women was extensively associated with increase of sympathetic section tone and VNS lability. Occurrence frequency of critical indices of hemodynamics disturbances in the system mother- placenta-fetus revealed reliable correlation dependence on VNS lability and index of vegetative supply of activity. Conclusion. Pregnant women with fetoplacental insuffciency had 25 – 30 % increased tone and lability indices of VNS sympathetic section in contrast to physiological course of pregnancy. Progression of fetoplacental insuffciency was more often revealed in pregnant women in case of replacement of sympathicotonia by vagotonia, and against a background of high VNS lability and reactivity.

The purpose is to present the event of the aneurysmatic disease within the polymorphism of Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome (KTS), that differs from classic forms with predominates of arteries’ lesion. Materials. The modern diagnostic of phacomatoses, including KTS, is based on physical examination. However, along with a combined lesion of skin, nervous system, internal organs, there is clinical polymorphism and delayed symptoms that hinders the verifcation of nosological entity. In the reported case the lack of objectivation of KTS’ manifestation became the cause of delayed diagnostic of aneurysmatic disease within the basic disease. Conclusion. The necessity of complex approaches in the studying of arterial hypertension and early detection of intracranial complications in patients with phacomatoses are determined by high level of intracerebral nontraumatic hemorrhage.

Aim of the study: to evaluate the effectiveness of the techniques of dynamic simultaneous transcranial magnetic therapy and resonance, and electrical stimulation, transcranial magnetic therapy and dynamic laser stimulation, magnetic simpatokorrektsii in the treatment of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma with chronic cerebral ischemia. Techniques. We observed 184 patients diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma who received different physical therapy techniques. Results. Patients treated with transcranial magnetic therapy and electrical stimulation or laser stimulation, in addition to improving visual function and improve the bioelectrical activity of the visual cortex, more pronounced than in other groups also observed the activation of the intraocular blood fow. Application of magnetic simpatokorrektsii allows for improvement of basic functional, electrophysiological and hemodynamic performance by reducing the activity of the sympathetic nervous system and reduce the vasopressor effect. Conclusion. Transcranial magnetic therapy in combination with electrical stimulation or laser stimulation is effective in the treatment of patients with POAG. In patients with primary open-angle glaucoma with chronic cerebral ischemia technique of magnetic sim-patokorrektsii compared with traditional methods of vasoactive therapy is more effective, which is manifested not only increase the visual functions, but also a decrease in cognitive impairment.

Purpose: identifcation of risk factors for peripheral neuropathy in diabetes mellitus type 1. The material. Examined 46 patients 1 diabetes with distal полинейропатией. Studied clinical parameters: gender, age, hereditary predisposition, duration of the disease, the presence of arterial hypertension and diabetes of microangiopathy; the laboratory parameters: the level of glycosylated hemoglobin and cholesterol in blood serum. Results. Risk factors of formation of diabetic neuropathy are duration of diabetes, chronic hyperglycemia, the presence of microangiopathy diabetic lower extremity and arterial hypertension.

Provides information about magnetic resonance angiography in diagnosis of cerebral vascular disorders. Refects the effectiveness of magnetic resonance angiography in identifying this pathology.

Objective: estimate advantages of using high feld brain MRI in the epilepsy diagnostics. Methods. Examination of 586 patients with different types of epilepsy was performed to fnd epileptogenic changes in brain substance. Results. Clinical examples, that illustrate importance of using high feld MRI (1.5 T and more) during examination of the patients with epilepsy in accordance with the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) guidelines, are described. Conclusion. High feld MRI is necessary for timely assessment of the etiology of the disease and the treatment optimization.

The goal of the research is to investigate the frst attack of demyelinated disease with an affection of one of functional systems. To assess the factors affecting the rate of transition monofocal clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) into a reliable multiple sclerosis. The structure of monofocal CIS was studied in case of 102 observations. The conversion of monofocal CIS in clinically defnite multiple sclerosis (CDMS) was retraced. The results of clinical and instrumental methods (magnetic resonance imaging — MRI and multimodal evoked potentials — MEP) were studied. Clinical and instrumental identifed markers of high transition probability monofocal CIS to CDRS were found. Early age of CIS formation and a large number of demyelination foci on MRI are the risk factors for the development to CDRS.

In 30 children in the age of 12,8±0,3 with mental retardation and 30 healthy children of the same age an element balance of organism and state of cognitive functions were related. The content of elements (Ca, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Sr, Pb) in the hair was determined by a method of X-ray fuorescent spectroscopy. The content of Ca, Ni and Mn in 55 % of children and the defciency of Fe in 21 % of children with mental retardation were established. The defciency of Ca, Fe and Mn of healthy children was displayed. The value of Sr and Pb in organism in children of booth group was normal. The content of Mo in hair in 40 % of children with mental retardation and in 30 % of children of a check-group were established. The relationship between the content of chemical elements in organisms and state of cognitive functions was analyzed by non-parametric analysis by Spearmen. The excess of Ni in organism of children with mental retardation and defciency of Fe in organism of children in booth groups negatively infuenced the characteristics of cognitive functions (0,34<r<0,54). The infuence on characteristics of cognitive functions of Mn was not reveled.

Purpose: correction of vegetative disorders in patients with mandibular fractures. Material and methods. A total of 70 patients with mandibular fractures, both clinically and by additional survey methods: assessment of heart rate variability as a result cardiointervalography, catecholamine levels of red blood cells, rheovasography mental arteries.Results. In most patients studied, revealed marked activation of sympathetic nervous system, the tension of adaptation mechanisms, impaired regional blood fow. The connection between the incidence of fractures complicated course and severity of disorders of autonomic responses. Conclusion. The way of correction of vegetative disorders in patients with mandibular fractures.